实践本体论与文学本体论——兼评董学文的文学本体论观点

发布时间：2018-06-11 18:40

本文选题：实践本体论 + 文学本体论　；参考：《学习与探索》2010年02期

【摘要】：实践本体论是实践唯物主义的本体论,它以自然本体论作为不言自明的前提,主要是一种社会本体论,即阐明人类及其社会的存在本原和存在方式是社会实践的本体论。实践美学以实践本体论为自己的本体论基础,使得实践美学推进到新的发展阶段。从这样的哲学、美学观点出发,文学本体论同样应该是一种社会本体论、关系本体论:文学的本原和存在方式离不开以物质生产为中心、包括物质生产、精神生产、话语生产的社会实践;从存在的本原上看,文学的最终根源是物质生产及其转化为精神生产和话语生产;从存在的构成方式上看,文学主要是一种精神生产和话语生产的过程;从存在的现实方式来看,文学是精神生产和话语生产的结晶——审美意识形态的话语存在。唯有实践本体论可能克服古代传统形而上学的实体本体论和近代二元对立思维方式,在主体和客体、主体和主体、客体和客体的关系及其统一之中来审视文学,把文学如实地还原为"对象世界—作家—文学作品—读者"的实践统一整体。
[Abstract]:Practical ontology is the ontology of practical materialism. It takes natural ontology as a self-evident premise and is mainly a kind of social ontology, that is to say, it clarifies that the essence and mode of existence of human beings and their societies are the ontology of social practice. The practical aesthetics is based on the practical ontology, which promotes the practical aesthetics to a new stage of development. From such a philosophical and aesthetic point of view, literary ontology should also be a social ontology, which concerns ontology: the origin and mode of existence of literature cannot be separated from material production, including material production and spiritual production, From the origin of existence, the ultimate root of literature is material production and its transformation into spiritual production and discourse production, from the way of existence, literature is mainly a process of spiritual production and discourse production. From the point of view of reality, literature is the crystallization of spiritual production and discourse production-the discourse existence of aesthetic ideology. Only practical ontology can overcome the entity ontology of ancient traditional metaphysics and modern dual opposites thinking mode, and examine literature in the relationship and unity of subject and object, subject and subject, object and object. To restore literature truthfully to the whole practice of "object world-writer-literature works-reader".
【作者单位】：华中师范大学文学院;华中师范大学文学批评中心;
【分类号】：I02

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