从心理学角度看文学翻译中的误解
发布时间：2018-07-24 11:37
【摘要】：误解在翻译中是比较常见的，而文学文本由于其固有的特点，更使得译者发生误解的可能性大大增加。误解主要源于作者和读者的距离。因为文本一旦完成，作者和读者之间就会有间距。译者在阅读时“得不到作者的回应。相反，书本会将写作和阅读两种行为分离开来，使其缺乏交流。读者不会参与写作，作者也不在阅读行为中。”(刘宓庆2001：398)在这种情况下，一切全靠译者运用已有的知识技能，透过解读获得理解。这个过程中所碰到的障碍，不管明显与否都有可能导致误解。 传统的翻译理论往往将焦点集中在翻译结果，，要么把译者假设为理想中的译者。这些理论都忽略了译者作为有意识的人，活动往往受到大脑思维活动的控制，译者在翻译中也必然有自己的心理活动并受多种心理机制的作用。本文就是将注意力转而集中在译者上，通过接纳心理学这门研究主体活动的学科的某些范畴来审视翻译过程的理解，从“误解”这一角度入手，阐释心理因素是如何介入原作的理解，并最终导致误解。 引言部分从总体上介绍了误解现象，在文学翻译中研究这一现象的意义，以及本文的写作目的。这一部分还讨论了误解和误译的区别，以及阐释学所讨论的误解和从心理学角度来讨论的误解的差异。 第一章列举了几种有影响力的翻译过程模式，并分析了各自的优势和不足。这一方面为理解是翻译的基础这一命题提供了有力的证据，另一方面，从几种模式的变化自然而然过渡到本文的论证角度。本文是从认知心理学来讨论翻译的理解过程，提出文学翻译中的理解应包括对原文语义的认知以及对原文的审美认知。 第二章为全文提供了理论依据。在现代认知心理学的观照下，借用其核心概念“感知觉”、“格式塔”、“图式”、“思维”、“想象”和“推理”，探讨了翻译理解的一些心理机制。 第三章专门论述了误解这一文学翻译中经常遇到的现象是如何 发生的。这种分析是按照第二章所论述的心理运行过程和一些心理机 制并引用实例来完成的。本文逐个分析了译者在感知觉、思维和合成 各个心理阶段出错的原因。其中最主要的原因是由于定势，定势在最 小最大原则的指导下延续，就会影响到思维阶段各个心理机制的运 行，最终发生误解。 结论部分指出误解不仅有以上分析的心理原因，还有一些造成 其心理原因的深层客观因素。这些因素是和译者的外语习得方式有 关，所以对于译者进行专门的培训是相当必要的。文章最后提出了一 些可以减少文学翻译中误解的策略。
[Abstract]:Misunderstanding is common in translation, and literary texts, due to their inherent characteristics, increase the possibility of misunderstanding. Misunderstanding mainly stems from the distance between the author and the reader. Because once the text is complete, there is a gap between the author and the reader. The translator "can't get a response from the author when he reads." Instead, books separate writing from reading, leaving them uncommunicative. Readers are not involved in writing, and the author is not in the act of reading. " (Liu Miqing 2001: 398) in this case, everything depends on the translator's knowledge and skills, through interpretation to get understanding. The obstacles encountered in the process, apparent or not, can lead to misunderstanding. Traditional translation theories tend to focus on translation outcomes or assume the translator as the ideal translator. These theories ignore that the translator as a conscious person, the activities are often controlled by the brain thinking activities, the translator must also have their own psychological activities in translation and by a variety of psychological mechanisms. This paper focuses on the translator and examines the understanding of the translation process through the acceptance psychology, which is a subject of subject activity, from the perspective of "misunderstanding". Explain how psychological factors are involved in the understanding of the original, and ultimately lead to misunderstanding. The introduction introduces the misunderstanding phenomenon, the significance of studying this phenomenon in literary translation, and the purpose of this thesis. This part also discusses the differences between misunderstanding and misinterpretation, as well as the misunderstanding discussed by hermeneutics and the misunderstanding discussed from the perspective of psychology. Chapter one enumerates several influential translation process models and analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, it provides strong evidence for the proposition that understanding is the basis of translation. On the other hand, it naturally shifts from the change of several modes to the argumentation of this thesis. This paper discusses the process of understanding translation from the perspective of cognitive psychology, and points out that the understanding of literary translation should include the cognition of the semantic meaning of the original text and the aesthetic cognition of the original text. The second chapter provides the theoretical basis for the full text. From the perspective of modern cognitive psychology, this paper probes into some psychological mechanisms of translation comprehension by using its core concepts "perception", "gestalt", "schema", "thinking", "imagination" and "reasoning". Chapter three deals with how misunderstanding often occurs in literary translation. This analysis is carried out according to the psychological operation process discussed in Chapter 2 and some examples are cited. This paper analyzes the causes of the errors in the psychological stages of perception, thinking and synthesis. The main reason for this is that the setting continues under the guidance of the principle of minimization. Will affect the thinking stage of each psychological mechanism, eventually misunderstandings. The conclusion points out that misunderstanding has not only psychological reasons, but also some deep objective factors. These factors are related to the way the translator acquires a foreign language, so it is necessary to train the translator. Finally, the paper proposes some strategies to reduce misunderstanding in literary translation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：I046
本文编号：2141253
[Abstract]:Misunderstanding is common in translation, and literary texts, due to their inherent characteristics, increase the possibility of misunderstanding. Misunderstanding mainly stems from the distance between the author and the reader. Because once the text is complete, there is a gap between the author and the reader. The translator "can't get a response from the author when he reads." Instead, books separate writing from reading, leaving them uncommunicative. Readers are not involved in writing, and the author is not in the act of reading. " (Liu Miqing 2001: 398) in this case, everything depends on the translator's knowledge and skills, through interpretation to get understanding. The obstacles encountered in the process, apparent or not, can lead to misunderstanding. Traditional translation theories tend to focus on translation outcomes or assume the translator as the ideal translator. These theories ignore that the translator as a conscious person, the activities are often controlled by the brain thinking activities, the translator must also have their own psychological activities in translation and by a variety of psychological mechanisms. This paper focuses on the translator and examines the understanding of the translation process through the acceptance psychology, which is a subject of subject activity, from the perspective of "misunderstanding". Explain how psychological factors are involved in the understanding of the original, and ultimately lead to misunderstanding. The introduction introduces the misunderstanding phenomenon, the significance of studying this phenomenon in literary translation, and the purpose of this thesis. This part also discusses the differences between misunderstanding and misinterpretation, as well as the misunderstanding discussed by hermeneutics and the misunderstanding discussed from the perspective of psychology. Chapter one enumerates several influential translation process models and analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, it provides strong evidence for the proposition that understanding is the basis of translation. On the other hand, it naturally shifts from the change of several modes to the argumentation of this thesis. This paper discusses the process of understanding translation from the perspective of cognitive psychology, and points out that the understanding of literary translation should include the cognition of the semantic meaning of the original text and the aesthetic cognition of the original text. The second chapter provides the theoretical basis for the full text. From the perspective of modern cognitive psychology, this paper probes into some psychological mechanisms of translation comprehension by using its core concepts "perception", "gestalt", "schema", "thinking", "imagination" and "reasoning". Chapter three deals with how misunderstanding often occurs in literary translation. This analysis is carried out according to the psychological operation process discussed in Chapter 2 and some examples are cited. This paper analyzes the causes of the errors in the psychological stages of perception, thinking and synthesis. The main reason for this is that the setting continues under the guidance of the principle of minimization. Will affect the thinking stage of each psychological mechanism, eventually misunderstandings. The conclusion points out that misunderstanding has not only psychological reasons, but also some deep objective factors. These factors are related to the way the translator acquires a foreign language, so it is necessary to train the translator. Finally, the paper proposes some strategies to reduce misunderstanding in literary translation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：I046
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 许钧;切实加强译学研究和翻译学科建设[J];中国翻译;2001年01期
本文编号：2141253
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