关于报告文学的“学理性”与“功利性”——报告文学本体新论之一

发布时间：2018-10-09 14:18

【摘要】：报告文学本体论中的传统"三性"——新闻性、文学性、政论性已不能规范和指导当今的报告文学"现实",而必须代之以"文本内涵的学理性"等新"五性"。如果说,新时期以前的报告文学侧重的主要是与现实政治密切相关的"政论性",那么,新时期以来的报告文学则不但将其潜在的批判理性与政治理性发展至新的阶段,而且还增加了批判传统、反思历史、文化启蒙与学术性、知识性等理性内涵,从而形成了以追寻"现代性"、高扬科学精神与人文精神的"新理性精神"。"学理性"与"理性美"的价值和意义有三:一是在理论上补充和丰富了哲学社会科学;二是在实践上推动和促进了社会历史的发展;三是在精神上启迪心智、激励斗志、陶冶情操。以往学界对报告文学的轻视,主要是因为它是一种"功利性"很强的文体。实际上,注重文学价值的"功利性"是中国现代文论现代性的重要特色。报告文学"学理性"与"理性美"的凸显,说明我们的时代仍是一个需要高扬"理性"而没有进入"真正的审美"的时代,也说明文学的"功利性"价值观仍值得尊重与肯定。
[Abstract]:The traditional "three characters" in reportage ontology, such as journalism, literature and political theory, can no longer standardize and guide the "reality" of reportage today, but must be replaced by "the academic rationality of text connotation" and other new "five qualities". If the reportage before the new period focuses mainly on the "political theory" closely related to realistic politics, then the reportage since the new period has not only developed its potential critical rationality and political rationality to a new stage. Moreover, the rational connotation of criticizing tradition, reflecting on history, cultural enlightenment and academic character, knowledge and so on has been added to form the "new rational spirit" in pursuit of "modernity" and exaltation of scientific and humanistic spirit. " There are three values and meanings of "study reason" and "rational beauty": first, it complements and enriches the philosophy and social sciences in theory; second, it promotes and promotes the development of social history in practice; third, it enlightens the mind in spirit and inspires the fighting spirit. Edify sentiment. In the past, reportage was despised mainly because it was a strong utilitarian style. In fact, utilitarianism, which emphasizes the value of literature, is an important feature of modernity in modern Chinese literary theory. The prominence of "learning reason" and "rational beauty" in reportage shows that our era is still one in which "rationality" needs to be exalted without entering into "real aesthetic", and that the "utilitarian" values of literature are still worthy of respect and affirmation.
【作者单位】：湖南大学文学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金资助项目(06BZW054)
【分类号】：I207.5

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