企盼清官与张扬人的自由——关汉卿与莎士比亚“案情剧”比较研究

发布时间：2019-01-07 15:37

【摘要】：本文对关汉卿与莎士比亚涉及善与恶、正义与邪恶的戏剧进行了比较。莎士比亚更关注大人物的命运,西方人通过法律来维护自身权益,而关汉卿描写的主体一般是小人物,小人物力量极其单薄,面对权贵的欺凌,往往求告无门,只能靠外力——鬼魂或清官来为他们伸张正义,追求大团圆结局。中国人过分讲究忠奸、好坏对立,又使得关汉卿笔下的坏人往往是恶的化身,看不到丰满的性格,这与西方对个人命运顽强探索和反抗、努力挖掘人性的深度是不同的。莎士比亚对于善于恶,更多的时候并不借助于法律来解决,而是充分表现人的本质。在他看来,悲剧的原因根源于人自身,人的自由意志往往陷入到罪恶之中。他思考人的救赎,寻求人的终极关怀,而不是把恶人绳之以法就万事大吉。莎士比亚从不把清官作为主要的描写对象,他的作品中没有清官文学。
[Abstract]:This paper compares Guan Hanqing and Shakespeare's plays about good and evil, justice and evil. Shakespeare is more concerned about the fate of the big, Westerners through the law to protect their rights and interests, and Guan Hanqing describes the main body is generally small, small power is extremely thin, in the face of bullying of the powerful, often have no access to the door. We can only rely on external force-ghosts or clean officials to do justice for them, the pursuit of happy ending. Chinese people pay too much attention to loyalty and adultery, good or bad opposition, but also make Guan Hanqing's villain is often the embodiment of evil, can not see the full character, which is different from the Western dogged exploration and resistance to personal fate, and strive to dig into the depth of human nature. Shakespeare is good at evil, more often than not with the law to solve, but the full performance of human nature. In his view, the cause of tragedy is rooted in human beings, people's free will often fall into sin. He thinks about salvation and seeks his ultimate care, not bringing the wicked to justice. Shakespeare never regarded the clean official as the main object of description, his works did not contain the pure official literature.
【作者单位】：扬州大学文学院;扬州工业职业技术学院社会科学部;
【基金】：江苏省2009年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划课题“包公文学研究”(项目编号:CX09B_092R)阶段性成果之一
【分类号】：I0-03;I106.3

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