列宁美学与毛泽东美学的“血亲”关系

发布时间：2019-01-20 14:45

【摘要】：就美学(文艺思想)而言,马恩和列宁有重要差别。马恩的美学思想很丰富,很精彩,其核心在现实主义,即真实地描写现实,创造典型环境中的典型性格;从马恩到列宁,随着历史的发展、形势的变化,美学(文艺思想)也发生了重要变化,列宁强调的重点不再是马恩当年强调的现实主义、写真实、创造典型环境中的典型性格,而是"党的文学的原则",即文学事业要成为党所开动的革命机器(党的整个革命事业)的"齿轮和螺丝钉"。列宁美学可称为政党政治美学。就文艺思想而言,毛泽东是名副其实的列宁的学生,是列宁(经瞿秋白)的再传弟子,得列宁之真传。毛泽东创造性地发展了列宁。毛泽东最有代表性的美学(文艺思想)论著首推《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》,我把它看作是列宁《党的组织与党的文学》基本思想的中国版;毛泽东对列宁最主要的发展,是突出了共产党的执政者、当权者的地位,把权力加在了美学上,使列宁的"政党政治"美学(文艺思想),变成了毛泽东的"权力政治"美学(文艺思想)。
[Abstract]:As far as aesthetics is concerned, Man and Lenin have important differences. Marne's aesthetic thought is very rich and wonderful, the core of which is realism, that is to say, describing reality truthfully and creating typical character in typical environment. From Man to Lenin, with the development of history and the changes of the situation, aesthetics (literary and artistic thought) has also undergone important changes. Lenin's emphasis is no longer on the realism emphasized by Man at that time, writing the truth, and creating the typical character in the typical environment. It is the "principle of the Party's literature", that is, the "gear and screw" of the revolutionary machine (the whole revolutionary cause of the Party) that the literary cause should become. Lenin's aesthetics can be called political party aesthetics. In terms of literary and artistic thought, Mao Zedong was a true student of Lenin and a second disciple of Lenin (through Qu Qiubai). Mao Zedong creatively developed Lenin. Mao Zedong's most representative Aesthetics (Literary and artistic thought), first and foremost, "speech at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art", I regard it as a Chinese version of Lenin's basic thought of "Party Organization and Party Literature"; Mao Zedong's most important development to Lenin was to highlight the position of the Communist Party's rulers and those in power, to add power to aesthetics, and to make Lenin's aesthetics of "party politics" (literary and artistic thought). Became Mao Zedong's "power politics" aesthetics (literary thought).
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院文学研究所;
【分类号】：I01

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