批评理论的现代性视野：批评空间的开创
发布时间：2019-03-19 21:19
【摘要】： “批评空间的开创”这个表达式在当前指向两度空间的内涵：第一是指：在国内，由于“现代性”概念的引入，知识分子以之为思考的路标，根据各自不同的学科范式、各自不同的知识眼界和各自不同的价值判断，形成不同的理论言述，它更多地是知识分子对社会现状和历史境遇反思和探索的个体性话语表达；第二是指：当前，由于政党所努力推进的经济改革开放事业使中国已在多方位多层次融入了国际社会，但一个作为现代社会公共层面的知识批评空间并没有完全开辟出来，因此，从事现代性批判的批评理论应致力于形成一个批评的公共层面，使知识系统在商业市场基本上与政府行政分离开来并已形成世俗的商业文化空间之后，能实现理论批评与政治意识形态权力关系的再次分离，从而形成一个独立和健全的理论批评空间。第二种内涵是本文的理论主张。 本文分三个部分，第一部分作为本文的理论基础，认为西方的现代性批评有两个理论根源，一是韦伯世俗化理论，一是康德批判理论，由这两种理论根源所形成的批评范式都是现代性分析的有效模式，但后者更为深层地把握到了问题的关键。第二部分是本文的理论分析部分，，本文主要选取了杨春时、王岳川、汪晖、余虹和陈晓明这五位学者作为理论分析的对象，本文认为，杨春时以二十世纪非理性的文学样式及其批评体系作为文学和批评的现代性标准是脱离事实根据的；王岳川以价值心性和道德理性的重建作为现代性批评的重心也脱离了当前的社会和政治现实；汪晖一方面认为现代性不是一个中性概念，它具有深刻的西方内涵，一方面又认为中国的社会现实一定要与资本主义全球化联系起来分析，这中间存在一定的矛盾；余虹则把现代性与后现代性两个概念对立起来，极有可能掩盖了现代性本身的多层涵义及其理论价值；陈晓明最终在认识论的层面来解释当代文学和批评的走向，也没有注意到批评空间自身独立性的重要性。本文分析他们各自的基本观点，找出他们理论视野的基本偏差，认为他们的理论分析大致都可归于“批评空间的开创”的第一层内涵。因此本文在第三部分以法国思想家托克维尔的理论为基础，通过分析德里达和福柯的观点，进而指出现代性和后现代性本身是具有相通之处的，这种共同之处就是理论的彻底的批判精神，在这部分中本文提出并论证了批评理论要形成一个独立的批评空间这个观点。
[Abstract]:At present, the expression "the creation of critical space" points to the connotation of two dimensions: the first is: in China, due to the introduction of the concept of "modernity", intellectuals use it as a road sign for thinking, according to their respective disciplinary paradigms. Different knowledge horizons and different value judgments form different theories and expressions, which is the individual discourse expression of intellectuals' reflection and exploration on the present situation and historical situation of the society. The second is: at present, as a result of the economic reform and opening-up that the political parties have endeavoured to promote, China has integrated itself into the international community in various directions and at various levels, but a space for intellectual criticism at the public level of modern society has not been fully opened up. Therefore, the critical theory of modernity criticism should strive to form a public level of criticism, so that the knowledge system is basically separated from the government administration and has formed a secular commercial cultural space after the commercial market is basically separated from the government administration. The relationship between theoretical criticism and political ideology can be separated again so as to form an independent and sound space for theoretical criticism. The second kind of connotation is the theoretical proposition of this paper. This paper is divided into three parts, the first part is the theoretical basis of this paper, the western modernity criticism has two theoretical roots, one is Weber's secularization theory, the other is Kant's critical theory. The critical paradigm formed by these two theoretical sources is an effective mode of modernity analysis, but the latter has a deeper grasp of the key to the problem. The second part is the theoretical analysis of this paper. This paper mainly selects five scholars, Yang Chunshi, Wang Yuechuan, Wang Hui, Yu Hong and Chen Xiaoming, as the objects of theoretical analysis. Yang Chunshi took the irrational literary style and its critical system in the 20th century as the modernity standard of literature and criticism, which was divorced from the facts. Wang Yuechuan took the reconstruction of value-heart and moral rationality as the focus of modernity criticism, which also separated from the current social and political reality. On the one hand, Wang Hui thinks modernity is not a neutral concept, it has profound western connotation, on the other hand, he thinks that the social reality of China must be related to the analysis of capitalist globalization, which has a certain contradiction. Yu Hong opposes the concepts of modernity and post-modernity, which is likely to obscure the multi-layer meaning of modernity itself and its theoretical value. Chen Xiaoming finally explained the trend of contemporary literature and criticism on the epistemological level, and did not pay attention to the importance of the independence of criticism space. This paper analyzes their respective basic points of view, finds out the basic deviation of their theoretical vision, and thinks that their theoretical analysis can be attributed to the first layer of connotation of "the creation of critical space". Therefore, in the third part, based on the French thinker Tocqueville's theory, through the analysis of Derrida and Foucault's point of view, the author points out that modernity and post-modernity themselves are interlinked. This kind of common ground is the thorough critical spirit of the theory. In this part, the author puts forward and demonstrates the view that the critical theory should form an independent critical space.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：I06
本文编号：2443911
[Abstract]:At present, the expression "the creation of critical space" points to the connotation of two dimensions: the first is: in China, due to the introduction of the concept of "modernity", intellectuals use it as a road sign for thinking, according to their respective disciplinary paradigms. Different knowledge horizons and different value judgments form different theories and expressions, which is the individual discourse expression of intellectuals' reflection and exploration on the present situation and historical situation of the society. The second is: at present, as a result of the economic reform and opening-up that the political parties have endeavoured to promote, China has integrated itself into the international community in various directions and at various levels, but a space for intellectual criticism at the public level of modern society has not been fully opened up. Therefore, the critical theory of modernity criticism should strive to form a public level of criticism, so that the knowledge system is basically separated from the government administration and has formed a secular commercial cultural space after the commercial market is basically separated from the government administration. The relationship between theoretical criticism and political ideology can be separated again so as to form an independent and sound space for theoretical criticism. The second kind of connotation is the theoretical proposition of this paper. This paper is divided into three parts, the first part is the theoretical basis of this paper, the western modernity criticism has two theoretical roots, one is Weber's secularization theory, the other is Kant's critical theory. The critical paradigm formed by these two theoretical sources is an effective mode of modernity analysis, but the latter has a deeper grasp of the key to the problem. The second part is the theoretical analysis of this paper. This paper mainly selects five scholars, Yang Chunshi, Wang Yuechuan, Wang Hui, Yu Hong and Chen Xiaoming, as the objects of theoretical analysis. Yang Chunshi took the irrational literary style and its critical system in the 20th century as the modernity standard of literature and criticism, which was divorced from the facts. Wang Yuechuan took the reconstruction of value-heart and moral rationality as the focus of modernity criticism, which also separated from the current social and political reality. On the one hand, Wang Hui thinks modernity is not a neutral concept, it has profound western connotation, on the other hand, he thinks that the social reality of China must be related to the analysis of capitalist globalization, which has a certain contradiction. Yu Hong opposes the concepts of modernity and post-modernity, which is likely to obscure the multi-layer meaning of modernity itself and its theoretical value. Chen Xiaoming finally explained the trend of contemporary literature and criticism on the epistemological level, and did not pay attention to the importance of the independence of criticism space. This paper analyzes their respective basic points of view, finds out the basic deviation of their theoretical vision, and thinks that their theoretical analysis can be attributed to the first layer of connotation of "the creation of critical space". Therefore, in the third part, based on the French thinker Tocqueville's theory, through the analysis of Derrida and Foucault's point of view, the author points out that modernity and post-modernity themselves are interlinked. This kind of common ground is the thorough critical spirit of the theory. In this part, the author puts forward and demonstrates the view that the critical theory should form an independent critical space.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：I06
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4 余虹;五四新文学理论的双重现代性追求[J];文艺研究;2000年01期
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