基于“经济新闻标题”语料库的中英隐喻对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 09:19

本文选题：概念隐喻　切入点：对比研究　出处：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：关于隐喻的研究在历史上由来已久。在传统理论中,隐喻通常被看做一种与诗歌或修辞学有关的修辞手段。自从20世纪80年代,概念隐喻理论首次被莱考夫和约翰逊在《我们赖以生存的隐喻》一书中提出后,隐喻研究进入了新的认知时代。隐喻表达是从源域到目标域的映射过程的实现和表层表现,它被认为不仅是一种语言现象,更是一种人类概念系统中的认知方式。概念隐喻理论也正是本研究的主要理论基础。随着隐喻研究的普遍和深入,这一研究已呈现出跨学科的发展趋势,许多语言学家也己关注到经济文体中的隐喻现象。经济话题与与人类生活息息相关,经济类文体中的隐喻现象举不胜数,前人在这一领域的隐喻研究成果已有很多,其中也不乏对比分析研究,然而并没有针对中英经济新闻标题语料库的概念隐喻进行的系统的,全面的对比研究,而这正是本文研究目的。本论文的研究方法为定性,定量和对比分析相结合。对中英经济新闻标题中的概念隐喻进行分析。本文收集的语料分别来自两个权威的中英文报刊(《21世纪经济报道》和The Economist)的网站,选取自2012年6至10月期间的全部新闻标题。根据LakoffJohnson (1980)在Metaphors We Live By一书中所提出的概念隐喻理论基础,确定了其中的5868条隐喻词条作为本文的语料库。为便于对比研究,本文只从语料中相同的隐喻表达里选取了最具代表性且使用频率最高的方位隐喻中的“上／下”方位隐喻,本体隐喻中的人体隐喻以及结构隐喻中的战争隐喻作为具体研究对象。通过对词条和词频的对比统计分析和基于概念隐喻理论的定性分析,本文力图阐明源域的概念是如何通过四个步骤映射到目标域的,从而实现隐喻化的目标。利用收集统计的精确量化数据对这些隐喻表达进行定量分析,对比在两种语言中出现的语言实体,百分比和频率。再通过对比分析相结合,总结出中英经济新闻标题中概念隐喻的认知规律。研究结果表明：1)在中英经济新闻标题中有十种相同的隐喻类型,依据它们的不同源域,可以分为：人体隐喻、容器隐喻、水隐喻、建筑物隐喻、机器隐喻、天气隐喻、上下隐喻、旅行隐喻、战争隐喻和比赛隐喻。其中总的来说,以上下隐喻现象出现的频率最高,其次为人体隐喻和战争隐喻；2)中英文中的不同隐喻遵循相同的映射过程；3)经济新闻标题中的隐喻具有多样性、系统性、文化相对性等特点；4)中英经济新闻中的隐喻既存在相似性,也有差异性。相似性来源于东西方人们共同的生活经验,而差异性来自不同的文化传统。本论文的可能创新点主要有以下几个方面：1)本论文是以实证研究统计的精确数据来分析经济新闻标题的认知规律,基于语料库的实证研究增强了概念隐喻理论的解释力：2)本研究是针对经济新闻标题语料库所进行的趋于穷尽性的隐喻类型研究,探讨了经济活动中常用的隐喻类型：3)本研究从经济新闻标题的角度发现隐喻表达在两种语言中的共性与差异；4)本研究有助于帮助读者理解隐喻在经济新闻中的使用,对于新闻标题的写作也有一定的指导意义。基于语料库的中英经济新闻标题中概念隐喻的对比探究能够帮助我们加深对晦涩难懂的经济新闻的理解,培养隐喻思维。在一定程度上本研究对于经济学家,商务英语学习者,翻译家会有一定借鉴作用,对于新闻标题的写作也有一定的指导意义。然而本文还存在很多不足之处,例如本文收集的语料库有限,只采用定量,定性和对比分析相结合的研究方法,得到的结果可能不太客观,并且只对中英经济新闻标题的三种隐喻类型做出研究,今后的研究应扩展到更多领域,比如广告,法律,体育新闻中的隐喻研究等。
[Abstract]:The study of metaphor long-standing in history. In the traditional theory, metaphor is regarded as a means of rhetoric and poetry and rhetoric. Since 1980s, the conceptual metaphor theory was first proposed by Lakoff and Johnson in < > metaphors we live by the book, entered the new era of cognitive metaphor study. Metaphorical expressions are from the source domain to achieve performance and surface mapping process in the target domain, it is thought is not only a linguistic phenomenon, is also a kind of human conceptual system in cognitive style. The conceptual metaphor theory is the main theoretical basis of this research.
With the widespread and in-depth study of metaphor, which has been showing a trend of interdisciplinary research, many linguists have paid close attention to the phenomenon of metaphor in economic articles. Economic topics and is closely linked to human life, for metaphor economic style in numerous, many previous studies of metaphor in this field. There are also comparative analysis system, but there is no conceptual metaphor in English and Chinese economic news headlines of the corpus, comprehensive comparative study, and this is the purpose of the study.
The research method is qualitative, quantitative and comparative analysis. Combining the concept of metaphor in English and Chinese economic news headlines were analyzed. The data collected from two authoritative newspapers in English (<21 century economic report > and The Economist) website, selected from 2012 6 to October during the full news the title. According to LakoffJohnson (1980) proposed by Metaphors We Live By in the book's conceptual metaphor theory, metaphor has identified 5868 of these words as the corpus. For comparison, this paper only from the corpus in the same metaphorical expression in selected the most representative and the most frequently used range the metaphor of "up and down" orientational metaphor, ontological metaphor, war metaphor of human body metaphor and structural metaphor as the research object. Through the comparison and statistical analysis based on words and word frequency A qualitative analysis on the conceptual metaphor theory, this article tries to expound the source domain concept is how to through four steps onto the target domain, so as to achieve the target. The expression of metaphor for the quantitative analysis of these metaphors using precise quantitative data collection statistics, contrast in two languages in language entity, and the percentage of the combination of frequency. Then through the comparative analysis, summarizes the cognitive rules of conceptual metaphor in English and Chinese economic news headlines.
The results show that: 1) there are ten similar types of metaphors in Chinese and English economic news headlines, according to their different source domain, can be divided into: the human body metaphor, container metaphor, water metaphor, building metaphor and machine metaphor, weather on metaphor, metaphor, journey metaphor, war metaphor and the game metaphor. In general, under the above metaphor phenomenon occurred most frequently, followed by human body metaphor and war metaphor; 2) different metaphors in English follow the same mapping process; 3) metaphor in economic news headlines are diversified, systematic, cultural relativity and other characteristics; 4) metaphors in economic news not only has the similarity, but also has the difference. The similarity from Eastern and western people's common life experiences, and the differences from different cultural traditions.
The innovations of this paper are mainly in the following aspects: 1) this paper is the cognitive law on precise data statistical empirical study to analyze the economic news headlines, empirical research corpus enhances the explanatory power of the conceptual metaphor theory based on: 2) this study metaphor types exhaustive tends to be carried on to economic news the Title of the corpus, discusses the common types of metaphor in economic activities: 3) this study from the angle of economic news headlines that metaphorical expression similarities and differences in the two languages; 4) this study will help the readers understand the use of metaphor in economic news, also have certain guiding significance for the news headlines writing.
Conceptual metaphors in English economic news headlines corpus of inquiry can help us deepen to obscure economic news based on the understanding of the cultivation of metaphorical thinking. To a certain extent, the research for the economist, business English learners and translators will have a certain reference, has certain directive significance for the writing of news headlines this article. However there are still many deficiencies, such as the collection of corpus is limited only by quantitative research methods, qualitative analysis and comparison of the combination, the results may not be objective, and three types of metaphors in English economic news headlines only to make research, future research should be extended to more areas. Such as advertising, law, research of metaphor in sports news.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G212.2;H315;H15

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