中美外交部发言人在例行记者招待会上模糊限制语使用的对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 07:24

本文选题：模糊限制语　切入点：外交部发言人在例行记者招待会上的话语　出处：《河北大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：模糊性是自然语言的基本属性。作为模糊语家族的一员，模糊限制语一直以来都引起着国内外学者的极大关注。外交语言在外交活动中发挥着重要作用，考虑到国家利益及政治环境的局限，例行记者招待会话语要讲究语言技巧和言语措辞，外交部发言人为保证自己能稳妥、严谨、灵活、礼貌地回答记者，常常使用模糊限制语。然而，不同语言对言语贴切性的标准有所不同，不同文化背景下人们使用模糊限制语的规范不同，中美双方发言人在例行记者招待会上模糊限制语的使用情况可能存在差异。本论文选取模糊限制语为切入点，以E.F.Prince对模糊限制语的分类为标准，采用定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法，，对中美双方外交部发言人在例行记者招待会中运用模糊限制语的情况进行对比研究，揭示了中美外交部发言人运用模糊限制语的相同和不同之处。结果表明，中美外交部发言人在记者招待会上发言时都运用四种不同类型的模糊限制语；中英模糊限制语都是以动词、形容词、副词、情态动词和非词汇性短语表现出来；最后两种语言中运用模糊限制语的作用是相同的。不同之处是美方外交部发言人运用模糊限制语的频率要高于中方发言人；其次美方发言人使用直接缓和语的频率最高，中方发言人使用范围变动语频率最高；再次美方发言人使用情态动词作为模糊限制语的频率要高于中方发言人；最后一些被动句的表达结构不同。同时，本文还分析产生异同的原因，并以合作原则和礼貌原准则为基础分析了模糊限制语在外交部发言人话语中的作用，最后发现中美双方外交部发言人运用模糊限制语的差异会造成一定的交际障碍。此研究对有利于我们充分认识中美外交部发言人使用模糊限制语的特征，发现这种差异会造成一定的交际障碍，为我们正确理解不同文化背景中的模糊限制语提供一些启示，同时为中英模糊限制语互译方面提供一些启示。本论文分六章。第一章为引言。介绍论文的研究背景、研究目的、研究意义以及论文的结构框架。第二章是对模糊限制语定义，分类和国内外的发展与研究进行综述，以及对外交语言进行综述。第三章介绍论文的理论框架。第四章提出本论文的研究方法，研究问题，研究对象和资料的收集方法。第五章研究结果和讨论，对中美双方外交部发言人在例行记者招待会上运用模糊限制语的情况进行对比分析，发现相同和不同之处，分析原因，并以合作原则和礼貌原准则为基础分析了模糊限制语在外交部发言人话语中的作用，最后发现中美双方外交部发言人运用模糊限制语的差异会造成交际障碍。第六章对全文做出总结，并指明本研究的不足和局限及以后的发展方向。
[Abstract]:Fuzziness is the basic attribute of natural language.As a member of the vague language family, hedges have been attracting great attention from scholars both at home and abroad.Diplomatic language plays an important role in diplomatic activities. In view of the limitations of national interests and political environment, routine press conference discourse should pay attention to language skills and words and phrases. In order to ensure that foreign ministry spokesmen can be safe, rigorous and flexible,Politely answer reporters, often using hedges.However, different languages have different standards for language appropriateness and different norms for the use of hedges in different cultural backgrounds. There may be differences in the use of hedges between Chinese and American spokesmen at regular press conferences.In this paper, fuzzy hedges are chosen as the starting point, the classification of hedges by E.F.Prince is taken as the standard, and the combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis is adopted.A comparative study of the use of hedges by Chinese and American Foreign Ministry spokesmen in their regular press conferences reveals the similarities and differences between the use of hedges by Chinese and American Foreign Ministry spokesmen.The results show that Chinese and American Foreign Ministry spokesmen use four different types of hedges in their speeches at the press conference, and both Chinese and English hedges are expressed as verbs, adjectives, adverbs, modal verbs and non-lexical phrases.The role of hedges in the last two languages is the same.The difference is that the American Foreign Ministry spokesman uses the hedges more frequently than the Chinese ones, secondly, the American spokesmen use the direct detente and the Chinese spokesmen use the range variation language most frequently.The frequency of using modal verbs as hedges is higher than that of Chinese speakers, and the last passive sentences have different structures.At the same time, this paper also analyzes the reasons for differences and similarities, and analyzes the role of hedges in the discourse of Foreign Ministry spokesmen on the basis of the principle of cooperation and the principle of politeness.Finally, it is found that the differences in the use of hedges between Chinese and American foreign ministry spokesmen may cause some communication obstacles.This study is helpful for us to fully understand the characteristics of the use of hedges by Chinese and American Foreign Ministry spokesmen, and to find that these differences will cause certain communication obstacles, and provide some enlightenment for us to correctly understand the hedges in different cultural backgrounds.At the same time, it provides some enlightenment for the translation of Chinese and English hedges.This paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is the introduction.This paper introduces the research background, purpose, significance and structure of the paper.The second chapter summarizes the definition, classification, development and research of hedges at home and abroad, as well as diplomatic language.The third chapter introduces the theoretical framework of the thesis.The fourth chapter puts forward the research method, the research question, the research object and the data collection method of this paper.The fifth chapter is a comparative analysis of the use of hedges by Chinese and US Foreign Ministry spokesmen at regular press conferences, and finds out the similarities and differences, and analyzes the reasons.Based on the principle of cooperation and the principle of politeness, this paper analyzes the role of hedges in the discourse of foreign ministry spokesmen, and finally finds that the differences in the use of vague hedges between Chinese and American foreign ministry spokesmen may cause communication obstacles.The sixth chapter summarizes the full text, and points out the shortcomings and limitations of this study and the future development direction.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313;H136

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