新HSK词汇中成语的结构与功能探析

发布时间：2018-03-31 11:47

本文选题：新HSK　切入点：成语　出处：《南昌大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉语成语是母语为非汉语且以汉语为目的语的学习者,尤其是中高级阶段的学习者学习的难点。而成语在功能方面的偏误也在成语习得偏误中占有很大的比重。汉语成语有很多是汉文化的载体,所以汉语成语的教学在以传播汉文化为目标的对外汉语教学过程中,不容忽视。而现阶段对成语功能进行的研究并不多,本文以研究新HSK词汇中的成语的结构和功能为手段,尤其是通过探讨成语内部结构与成语功能之间的对应关系来达到探讨如何进行成语的对外汉语教学为最终目标。主要是在对成语结构进行本体研究的基础上,对成语功能进行归类分析其入句的条件限制以及规律,从而探讨如何在了解了成语的功能后,进行更好地成语教学,减少学生学习偏误,提高学生学习兴趣。本文主要采用定量分析法和静态描写法,对研究范围内的117条成语语料进行逐条归类分析其结构和功能,给每一条成语定一个“词性”,对其入句充当的成分做出统计,探讨成语内部结构与功能之间的规律,并结合HSK动态语料库中学生偏误进行分析,得出相关教学法结论。通过本文对成语功能与结构的探讨,得出系统的研究：成语在入句条件方面与词一样有一定的限制,但是成语与词不同的是,成语作为“语”,在除了可以像词一样在句子中充当一定的成分外,还可以充当独立成分,但是在作为独立成分的时候并不灵活,受到其内部结构影响,在入句后有相关的限制以及关涉作用的,暨成语的内部结构与成语的功能存在一定的对应关系。
[Abstract]:Chinese idioms are learners whose mother tongue is not Chinese and whose target language is Chinese. In particular, the learning difficulties of middle and advanced stage learners, and idioms in the functional errors also occupy a large proportion of idiom acquisition bias. There are many Chinese idioms are the carrier of Chinese culture, Therefore, the teaching of Chinese idioms should not be ignored in the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language with the aim of spreading Chinese culture. However, there are not many studies on the function of idioms at this stage. This paper takes the structure and function of idioms in the new HSK vocabulary as a means. In particular, by exploring the corresponding relationship between idiom internal structure and idiom function, it is the ultimate goal to explore how to teach idioms as a foreign language, mainly on the basis of the ontological study of idiom structure. This paper classifies and analyzes the conditions, limitations and rules of idiom function in order to explore how to better teach idioms after understanding the functions of idioms, reduce students' learning errors and improve their interest in learning. This paper mainly uses quantitative analysis method and static description method to classify and analyze the structure and function of 117 idioms in the scope of study, to define a "part of speech" for each idiom, and to make statistics on the composition of its sentence. This paper probes into the rules between the internal structure and function of idioms, and analyzes the errors of middle school students in HSK dynamic corpus, and draws the conclusions of relevant teaching methods. Through the discussion of the function and structure of idioms, it is concluded that idioms have the same limitations as words in terms of entry conditions, but the differences between idioms and words are that idioms are different from words. As a "language", idioms can not only act as certain elements in sentences as words, but also as independent components, but they are not flexible when they are independent and are influenced by their internal structure. The internal structure of idioms is related to the function of idioms.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

【引证文献】