汉英报纸新闻语篇转述言语对话性的比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 03:00

本文选题：转述言语　切入点：对话性　出处：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：对话是巴赫金理论的一个重要概念,它是指在语言运用中允许他人声音出现以便与自己的声音形成对话。巴赫金认为,人类交往活动中存在的任何语篇都具有对话关系,对话性是语篇的本质属性。然而,巴赫金只是从宏观学理上阐述了这一论断,缺乏微观上系统细致的观察,且仅对文学语篇进行了有限的对话性解读,而未将其应用于大众语篇分析。新闻语篇作为人类社会众多语篇形式中极为重要的一种,发挥着重要的中介作用。正确认识新闻语篇的本质及它在英、汉环境中的异同是十分必要的。对新闻语篇进行对话性分析是认识其本质的重要途径。新闻语篇包含大量的他人话语---转述言语。我们因而对汉英报纸新闻中的引语从对话性视角深入考察,以比较二者的异同和揭示新闻语篇作为一个公认的客观公正的语篇体裁的一些新特点。本文将巴赫金的对话理论和韩礼德系统功能语言学所倡导的语言分析相结合,在理论指导下自上而下地观察和基于具体语言描述自下而上地阐释,从转述词语和消息来源两方面定量和定性分析相结合,对比研究了中美一些主流报纸在对“虎妈”现象的报道中转述言语对话性的异同。研究发现英、汉语篇都将绝大部分语言资源用来报道他者话语,因此表现出了较强的语篇对话性。在选用转述词语标引异质性声音方面,二者共同之处在于：都广泛选用了四种不同词性的转述信号,但都在很大程度上依赖转述动词；中性转述词语是二者使用最多的转述词,且使用比例基本相当。不同之处在于：其一英文语篇虽没有中文语篇字数多,但在转述词语的使用上,无论是数量还是次数都大于后者；其二虽然中英文语篇中性动词的使用次数都远高于内容评价型动词,但在数量上却没有相同的趋势,英文中性动词数量低于内容评价型动词,中文语篇二者数量相当。通过比较分析消息来源,发现中英新闻语篇在话语资源分配上差异较大：中文语篇参与对话的各个声音间的分配比较均衡,而英文语篇则表现出一边倒的倾向,因而中文语篇展现出了更强的对话性；中文语篇中,只有一处消息来源是来自报道者,而英文语篇有53处,所占比例大约是前者的36倍,这一显著差异导致英文报道没有中文报道客观。这一结论也通过对对话性功能的探讨得到证实。通过对汉英新闻语篇的分析,发现对话性是新闻语篇的本质属性,本文考察的中文语篇的对话性和客观性都要强于英文语篇。
[Abstract]:Dialogue is an important concept in Bakhtin's theory. It refers to allowing other people's voices to appear in the use of language in order to form a dialogue with their own voices.Bakhtin believes that any discourse in human interaction has a dialogical relationship and dialogism is the essential attribute of discourse.However, Bakhtin has only expounded this conclusion from the macroscopic theory, lacks the microscopic systematic and meticulous observation, and only carries on the limited dialogue interpretation to the literary text, but does not apply it to the popular discourse analysis.News discourse, as one of the most important forms of discourse in human society, plays an important intermediary role.It is necessary to correctly understand the nature of news discourse and its similarities and differences in English and Chinese environments.Dialogical analysis of news discourse is an important way to understand its essence.News discourse contains a large number of other people's words---words.In order to compare the similarities and differences between the two and to reveal some new features of news discourse as a generally accepted objective and impartial genre, we investigate the citation in Chinese and English newspaper news from the perspective of dialogue.This paper combines Bakhtin's dialogue theory with the linguistic analysis advocated by Halliday systemic functional Linguistics. Under the guidance of the theory, it observes from the top down and interprets from the bottom up based on the specific language description.Combining quantitative and qualitative analysis of reporting words and news sources, this paper makes a comparative study of the similarities and differences in the reporting of the "Tiger Mom" phenomenon in some mainstream newspapers in China and the United States.It is found that most of the English and Chinese texts are used to report other discourse, so they are highly conversational.In the aspect of selecting the heterogeneity sound of reporting words indexing, the common points of the two words are that four kinds of different parts of speech reporting signals are widely used, but all of them depend on the reporting verbs to a great extent, and neutral reporting words are the most frequently used reporting words.And the proportion of use is basically the same.The differences are as follows: first, although English discourse has less words than Chinese text, the number and frequency of reporting words are larger than that of the latter;The second is that the number of English neutral verbs is lower than that of content-evaluative verbs, while the number of English neutral verbs is much higher than that of content-evaluative verbs.Through a comparative analysis of the sources of news, it is found that there are great differences in the allocation of discourse resources between Chinese and English news discourses: the allocation of the different voices of Chinese discourse participating in dialogue is more balanced, while the English discourse shows a tendency of being one-sided.Therefore, Chinese discourse shows a stronger dialogue. Only one Chinese text source comes from the reporter, while 53 English discourses account for about 36 times as much as the former.This significant difference leads to a lack of objective reporting in English.This conclusion is also confirmed by the discussion of the conversational function.Through the analysis of Chinese-English news discourses, it is found that dialogism is the essential attribute of news discourses, and the dialogism and objectivity of Chinese discourses are stronger than those of English ones.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315;H15

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