关于外族学习者在汉语学习过程中词典使用情况的调查

发布时间：2018-04-24 21:41

本文选题：对外汉语词典 + 外族学习者　；参考：《河北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：词典是语言学习的重要工具，是语言资源的一部分。对外汉语词典是外族学习者学习汉语的好帮手，也是我国发展语言产业，，优化语言资源的重点。国内词典市场中，对外汉语词典种类繁多，各有长短。而外族学习者汉语水平不一，词典使用目的各异，加上对我国词典市场不够了解，以及对外汉语教师对学生的词典使用不够重视，导致学习者在汉语词典的选择和使用方面出现很多问题，影响了词典使用效率和汉语学习效率。目前，我国关于词典使用的研究已经逐渐发展起来，但是研究对象主要集中在英语学习者，有关外族学习者对汉语词典使用的研究还很少，因此有关这一方面的研究是十分迫切的。为了帮助外族学习者更好的选择词典、使用词典，笔者首先介绍了对外汉语词典的分类，并分析了几部典型对外汉语词典的特点。然后又对74名外族学习者进行了有关汉语词典使用情况的问卷调查，通过分析调查结果，了解外族学习者在词典使用中出现的四大误区，以学习者对汉语词典的新要求。其中四点误区包括：没有充分利用词典所提供信息；对词典的依赖性越来越大；没有“趁热打铁”及时做笔记；没有理性的看待词典。对词典的要求有：释义应完整、简洁、清楚；例句要多且易懂；应提供丰富的语法知识和文化信息；还应有近义词辨析；有比较大的收词量；并且方便携带。最后，笔者分别针对学习者、对外汉语教师以及对外汉语词典编纂提出了几点建议，希望能有效的帮助学习者走出误区，同时也希望能够对我国语言产业的发展提供微薄之力。本文分为三章：第一章介绍了本文的选题缘由以及国内外关于词典使用研究的成果，并在此基础上对对外汉语词典做了简单介绍；第二章对学习者关于对外汉语词典的使用情况进行了考察，包括对词典的选择、使用、需求和认识；第三章笔者根据调查结果分析外族学习者在词典使用中所存在的误区，并总结了学习者对汉语学习词典的要求，然后笔者分别针对学习者、对外汉语教师和对外汉语词典编纂三方面提出了不同建议。最后一部分为本文的结语部分，为本文的研究结果做了一个概括性总结。
[Abstract]:Dictionary is an important tool for language learning and a part of language resources. Chinese as a foreign language dictionary is not only a good helper for foreign learners to learn Chinese, but also a key point for the development of language industry and optimization of language resources in China. In the domestic dictionary market, there are many kinds of dictionaries for Chinese as a foreign language. However, foreign learners have different levels of Chinese, different purposes for using dictionaries, and lack of understanding of the dictionary market in our country, and teachers of Chinese as a foreign language have not paid enough attention to the use of dictionaries by students. As a result, there are many problems in the choice and use of Chinese dictionaries, which affect the efficiency of dictionary use and Chinese learning. At present, the research on the use of Chinese dictionaries has been gradually developed in China. However, the study focuses on English learners, and there are few studies on the use of Chinese dictionaries by foreign learners. Therefore, the research on this aspect is very urgent. In order to help foreign learners choose dictionaries and use dictionaries, the author first introduces the classification of Chinese dictionaries as a foreign language, and analyzes the characteristics of several typical dictionaries of Chinese as a foreign language. Then, 74 foreign learners were investigated about the use of Chinese dictionaries. Through the analysis of the results, four misunderstandings appeared in the use of Chinese dictionaries by foreign learners were understood in order to meet the learners' new requirements for the use of Chinese dictionaries. Four of the misunderstandings include: not making full use of the information provided by the dictionary; relying more and more on the dictionary; not taking notes in time while the iron is hot; and not looking at the dictionary rationally. The requirements of the dictionary are: complete, concise and clear interpretation; many and easy to understand example sentences; should provide rich grammatical knowledge and cultural information; there should also be synonyms discrimination; there is a relatively large amount of words; and easy to carry. Finally, the author puts forward several suggestions for learners, teachers of Chinese as a foreign language and Chinese as a foreign language dictionary compilation, hoping to help learners out of the misunderstanding effectively, but also hope to provide a meagre contribution to the development of Chinese language industry. This paper is divided into three chapters: the first chapter introduces the reason of this paper and the domestic and foreign research on the use of dictionaries, and on this basis makes a brief introduction to the dictionary of Chinese as a foreign language; The second chapter investigates learners' use of TCFL dictionaries, including the choice, use, needs and understanding of the dictionaries. Chapter three analyzes the misunderstanding of foreign learners in the use of the dictionaries according to the results of the investigation. The author summarizes learners' requirements for Chinese learning dictionaries, and then puts forward different suggestions for learners, teachers of Chinese as a foreign language and compiling dictionaries for Chinese as a foreign language. The last part is the conclusion of this paper, which makes a summary of the research results.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195

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