汉英双语者二语语句理解过程中母语启动效应的ERP研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 07:27

本文选题：跨语言启动 + 双语者　；参考：《大连理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为二语学习者语言学习的重要组成部分,句子理解一直都是语言学家跨语言研究的焦点,了解二语学习者的语句理解过程具有很强的现实意义。近些年来,语言学界对二语学习者语言表征特点的研究也越来越深入。跨语言启动作为一种重要的研究模式,通过提供语言对等词,研究两种或两种以上语言之间存在的启动效应及其作用规律。相比词汇判断及图片命名等相对简单的实验任务,句子理解以其更为复杂的语义结构对被试的反应过程提出了更高的要求。本研究以分属汉藏语系和印欧语系的汉语和英语为研究对象,选择二十名汉英双语者作为被试,以英语简单句为语料,在被试执行二语语义判断任务时进行适当的母语启动,通过对首词启动,末词启动,首末词同时启动及不启动四种情况的比较分析,检验母语语义启动在二语语句理解过程中是否存在积极作用及其发挥作用的规律性。实验过程中同时记录EEG信号,通过分析被试在实验过程中的脑电波变化,采用ERP技术探究二语学习者在母语启动条件下的神经生理机制的变化。本实验行为结果显示,对于汉英双语者来说,相比母语启动的情况,不启动情况下被试对刺激作出反应的时间更长,准确率更低,表明汉语语义启动对英语语句理解有显著作用,且首词启动的效果要优于末词启动,首末词同时启动的效果优于单个词语启动。该研究结果与以往对同语系双语者的研究结果有所不同,与不同语系双语者话语理解的研究结果基本一致。ERP数据显示,启动情况与不启动情况的加工脑机制不同,在不同的时间区域内,波幅表现出明显差异,不启动情况引发的平均波幅最大,即在被试做出反应过程中,母语启动有效降低了句子的加工难度,脑地形图的结果也验证了这一点,不启动情况在N150及N400成分中表现出更强的激活。该研究结果支持以往词汇层面研究的部分结论,同时也指出了不同语系启动情况下句子层面带来的不同启动效应。
[Abstract]:As an important part of second language learners' language learning, sentence understanding has always been the focus of linguists' cross-language research. It is of great practical significance to understand the process of second language learners' sentence understanding. In recent years, the study of linguistic representation of L2 learners has been more and more in-depth. Cross-language priming, as an important research model, provides linguistic equivalents to study the priming effect and its function between two or more languages. Compared with the relatively simple experimental tasks such as lexical judgment and picture naming, sentence comprehension requires more complex semantic structures for the reaction process of the subjects. In this study, Chinese and English, which belong to Chinese and Tibetan languages and Indo-European languages, were studied. Twenty Chinese and English bilinguals were selected as subjects and English simple sentences were used as the corpus to start the task of second language semantic judgment in appropriate mother tongue. Based on the comparative analysis of the four situations of the priming of the first word, the priming of the last word, and the simultaneous initiation and non-priming of the first and last words, the author examines whether the mother tongue semantic priming plays an active role in the process of second language sentence understanding and the regularity of its function. During the experiment, EEG signals were recorded at the same time. By analyzing the changes of brain waves during the experiment, ERP technique was used to explore the changes of neurophysiological mechanism of L2 learners under the condition of mother tongue initiation. The results of the present study showed that, for Chinese and English bilinguals, the response time to stimulus was longer and the accuracy rate was lower when the subjects were not initiated in their mother tongue than in the case of mother tongue priming. The results show that Chinese semantic priming plays an important role in the understanding of English sentences, and the priming effect of the first word is better than that of the final word priming, and the effect of simultaneous priming of the first word and the last word is better than that of the single word. The results of this study are different from those of the previous studies on bilingual people of the same language family, and are consistent with the results of discourse comprehension of bilingual people of different languages. ERP data show that the mechanism of processing brain is different between priming and non-priming. In different time regions, the amplitude showed obvious difference, and the average amplitude caused by non-priming was the largest. That is, the mother tongue priming effectively reduced the processing difficulty of sentences in the process of reaction. This is confirmed by the results of brain topographic maps, where no priming appears to be more active in the N150 and N400 components. The results support some conclusions of previous lexical studies and point out the different priming effects at sentence level under different language priming conditions.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H09

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