汉语儿童连续变调规则习得的个案研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 01:01

本文选题：独立假设 + 早期交互假说　；参考：《湖南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：关于幼儿语音习得Lenneberg(1967)提出了独立假设(IndependenceHypothesis)，认为语言发展是生理成熟的结果，不受任何语言环境的影响；Boysson-Bardies et al.(1989)提出了早期交互假说（Hypothesis of Early Interaction）,认为语言环境是影响儿童语言发展的关键因素，对他们早期语言感知和产出有重要影响。汉语是一种声调语言，赵元任（1968）总结了汉语声调有四个连续变调规则。基于一名衡阳汉语幼儿7个月的跟踪调查，本论文意在探讨汉语幼儿连续变调规则习得的规律；验证上述两种假设。具体有以下三个问题： 1）汉语幼儿何时习得四个连续变调规则？ 2）四个规则的习得是怎样的顺序？ 3）连续变调规则的习得是否受到语言环境的影响？受试者是一名衡阳汉语幼儿。数据采集每月一次，一次30-60分钟，使用的录音工具是CoolEdit软件。通过使用图片、食物及玩具等来促进目标语料的获得，例如，让其看图片并问：“这是什么？”“他在干吗？”及“好不好看？”等等。本文采用了声学研究中的基频值和T值。在分析研究的基础上有以下发现： 1)该幼儿在3岁前习得了所有四个规则。在两岁七个月时习得了规则3，在两岁八个月时习得了规则4，两岁十一个月掌握了规则2，三岁时最后习得规则1。 2)根据数据和声学分析，其习得顺序是：规则3规则4规则2规则1。 3)通过分析幼儿的每个规则中有关声调的T值和声调曲线，发现该幼儿最终在运用这四个规则时与成人基本一致。同样，通过比较该幼儿和成人的T值和声调曲线，发现随着幼儿与其语言环境的接触增多，各项声调值和她的声调曲线都慢慢接近母语最终与父母成人语言趋于一致。数据结果和声学上分析都支持了早期交互假设。
[Abstract]:Lenneberg (1967) puts forward an independent hypothesis (IndependenceHypothesis) on children's phonetic acquisition (1967), that language development is the result of physiological maturity and is not affected by any language environment; Boysson-Bardies et al. (1989) proposes the early interaction hypothesis (Hypothesis of Early Interaction), which holds that language environment is the development of children's language development. The key factors have an important impact on their early language perception and output.
Chinese is a tone language. Zhao Yuanren (1968) concluded that there are four continuous tone sandhi rules in Chinese tones.
Based on a follow-up survey of a Chinese child in Hengyang for 7 months, the purpose of this paper is to explore the rule of acquisition of continuous tone sandhi rules in Chinese children, and verify the above two hypotheses.
There are three specific problems:
1) when do Chinese children acquire four successive tone sandhi rules?
2) what is the order of the acquisition of the four rules?
3) is the acquisition of continuous tone sandhi affected by the language environment?
The subjects were a Chinese Chinese child in Hengyang. The data collection was once a month, one 30-60 minutes, and the recording tool used was CoolEdit software. By using pictures, food and toys to promote the acquisition of target language, for example, let it look at the picture and ask, "what is this?" "what is he doing?" and "do not look good?" etc. The fundamental frequency and the T value in the acoustical study.
On the basis of the analysis, the following findings are found:
1) the child learned all four rules before the age of 3. The rule 3 was acquired at the age of two and seven months. The rule 4 was acquired at the age of two and eight months. The rule 2 was grasped at the age of two and eleven months. The rule 1. was finally acquired at the age of three.
2) according to data and acoustic analysis, the order of acquisition is rule 3 Rule 4 rule 2 rule 1.
3) by analyzing the T value and tone curve of the tone in each child's rules, it is found that the child finally agrees with the adult in the use of the four rules. By comparing the T value and tone curve of the child and adult, it is found that the tone value and her tone curve are slow as the touch of the child's language environment increases. Slow approaching mother tongue is ultimately consistent with adult language of parents. Data and acoustic analysis support early interaction hypothesis.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H193.1

【共引文献】