英汉倒装句的图形—背景理论阐释

发布时间：2018-05-18 20:14

本文选题：图形 + 背景　；参考：《西南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：语言具有线性排列的特征,这导致语序成为语言研究的重要内容。倒装句作为一种从正常语序演变而来的标记性句式,在英汉语言中普遍存在,并一直受到国内外语言研究者的关注。然而,以往的研究主要集中于修辞、句法、语用、和信息分布的角度。如今,随着句法-语义的界面研究成为当代语言‘学研究的重要角度之一,认知语言学作为一门建立在人类对外部世界和经验的观察及概念化的基础；上的科学,为语言的再认识和理解提供了新的角度。本文在认知语言学的框架下,从图形—背景理论的角度探索和对比了英汉倒装句的特征和形成机制。本文首先通过陈融的GbF模型(2003)分析了英语完全倒装句,认为英语完全倒装句其实是说话者或作者在语法框架内主观地将常式句“主语(图形)—谓词—宾语/语(背景)”,转化为有标记句式“宾语/语(背景)—谓语—主语(图形)”。该举旨在先引起听者或读者对背景的注意,建立参照点,进而加强对有标记图形的关注。其后,在该模型启发下,本文提出FpG模型(图形—背景),用于解释汉语口语中的倒装句。汉语口语倒装句往往将重要的、紧急的信息(图形)前置,后置部分为补充性信息(背景)。再次,由于倒装句在汉语口头语和书面语中的特征不同,本文提出经调整的GbF模型以阐释汉语书面语中的倒装句。在汉语书面语倒装句中,作家将常式句中视为图形的信息转换为背景,而原来的背景变成了图形,因为作家想要突显的信息发生了变化。倒装句是图形—背景理论在语言现象中的标记性示例,可引起听者及读者对信息焦点的注意。从句子成分排列看,英汉倒装句是句子成分倒置的产物；从认知和思维看,倒装是通过违背常规思维以达到突显目的的手段。
[Abstract]:Language has the characteristic of linear arrangement, which makes word order an important part of language research. As a kind of marked sentence structure which evolves from normal word order, inverted sentence is widely used in English and Chinese, and has been paid much attention by language researchers at home and abroad. However, previous studies have focused on rhetoric, syntax, pragmatics, and information distribution. Today, with syntactic and semantic interface research becoming one of the important perspectives of contemporary linguistic 'studies, cognitive linguistics is based on the observation and conceptualization of human beings' external world and experience. It provides a new angle of understanding and understanding of language. In the framework of cognitive linguistics, this paper explores and contrasts the features and formation mechanisms of English and Chinese inverted sentences from the perspective of graphic-background theory. This paper first analyzes the complete inverted sentences in English by using Chen Rong's GbF model / 2003, and concludes that the complete inverted sentences in English are in fact "subject (figure / predicate)-object / language (background)", which is subjectively put by the speaker or author within the grammatical framework. Translate into marked sentence "object / language (background)-predicate-subject (figure)". The purpose of the paper is to draw the attention of listeners or readers to the background, establish reference points, and then strengthen the attention to the marked graphics. Then, inspired by the model, this paper presents a FpG model, which is used to explain the inverted sentences in spoken Chinese. Chinese oral inverted sentences often put the important, urgent information (graphics) in front, and the latter part is supplementary information (background information). Thirdly, due to the different features of inverted sentences in Chinese oral language and written language, this paper proposes an adjusted GbF model to explain the inverted sentence in Chinese written language. In Chinese written inverted sentences, the writer converts the information in the ordinary sentence into the background, while the original background becomes the graph because the information that the writer wants to highlight has changed. Reverse sentence is a marked example of graphic-background theory in language phenomena, which can attract listeners and readers to pay attention to the focus of information. From the perspective of sentence composition arrangement, English and Chinese inverted sentences are the product of sentence component inversion, and from the perspective of cognition and thinking, inversion is a means to achieve the purpose of prominence by violating conventional thinking.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H314;H146

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