长沙方言的同义单双音节介词对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 19:22

本文选题：长沙方言 + 介词　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文是关于长沙方言的同义单、双音节介词语法功能对比研究,主要探讨了同义的单双音节介词之间的对比、双音节介词之间的对比,以及它们与普通话介词的对比,包括在语法、语义方面的差异性,文章将分为四个章节进行描写与论述：第一章绪论部分主要概述了介词研究的基本现状,包括介词研究的一般理论成果、单双音节介词的研究现状。单双音节介词的研究现状中主要从普通话和各地方言中单、双音节介词的研究现状进行总结。从已有的研究成果来看,关于某一汉语方言同义的单、双音节介词的对比的还缺乏系统的研究,只在关于方言介词的系统研究中偶尔涉及到少量的同义单、双音节介词之间的区别意义研究。在长沙方言中,也没有关于同义的单、双音节介词的区别意义的系统研究,对于长沙方言的同义单、双音节介词的语法功能也缺乏一定的研究成果。其次,在绪论部分也谈到了文章研究的价值及意义。再次,主要是对长沙方言介词数量进行了确定。通过介词和动词的区分标准以及实地调查,从形式上和功能上初步确定长沙方言的介词的数量。由于文章主要是对于长沙方言单、双音节介词介词的对比研究,所以文章采取了按音节的方式对长沙方言的介词进行了系统的划分。第二章主要是对单音节介词“X”与它同义的双音节介词“X哒”的比较。在长沙方言中,“哒”可以附着在单音节的介词的后面,充当双音节介词的词缀。长沙方言中有的单音节介词本身具有多个义项,也可以引出多种语义角色,单音节介词和它相对应的“X哒”型双音节介词在使用上呈现不对称的情况,两者不能自由地替换,“哒”的有无对单音节介词的语法意义产生影响,“哒”对单音节介词和它相对应的双音节介词在语法、语义方面起到了区别作用。这一章节在句法和语义上分析比对了单音节介词“X”与它相对应的同义的“X哒”型双音节介词的差别。第三章是表被动的同义单音节介词与双音节介词对比研究。“送”、“送得”、“把得”、“送把”、“送得把”是长沙方言里有而普通话里没有的表被动的介词,这一章节首先描述了长沙方言有标记的被动句的语义与句法特征,然后探讨了单音节的“送”与它对应的“送得”、“送把”分别作为动词和介词使用时在语义、语法方面的显著差异。第四章是同义介词“把”和“把得”的对比研究。“把”和“把得”在长沙方言中可以作为表给予义的动词和表处置义的介词,作为介词使用时,“把”形成的句法格式和表示的语法意义比“把得”更具有多样性。这一章节主要从句法格式和介引的语义角色角度对“把”和“把得”进行了比较。
[Abstract]:This paper is a contrastive study of synonymous monosyllabic prepositions and disyllabic prepositions in Changsha dialect. It mainly discusses the contrast between synonymous monosyllabic prepositions and Putonghua prepositions. Including the differences in grammar and semantics, the article will be divided into four chapters to describe and discuss: The first chapter introduces the basic status of preposition research, including the general theoretical achievements of preposition research and the research status of monosyllabic prepositions. The research status of monosyllabic prepositions is summarized from Putonghua and dialects. According to the existing research results, the comparison of monosyllabic and disyllabic prepositions in a certain Chinese dialect is still lack of systematic research, and only a small number of synonyms are occasionally involved in the systematic study of dialect prepositions. A study on the significance of disyllabic prepositions. In Changsha dialect, there is no systematic study on the different meanings of monosyllabic prepositions and dicyllabic prepositions, and the grammatical functions of disyllabic prepositions and synonyms in Changsha dialect are also lacking. Second, in the introduction part also talked about the value and significance of the article. Thirdly, the number of prepositions in Changsha dialect is determined. The number of prepositions in Changsha dialect is preliminarily determined in form and function through the standard of differentiating prepositions from verbs and field investigations. Because of the comparative study of single and double syllable prepositions in Changsha dialect, the article classifies the prepositions in Changsha dialect by syllable. Chapter two compares the monosyllabic preposition "X" with its synonymous dicyllabic preposition "X da". In Changsha dialect, da can be attached to monosyllabic prepositions and act as affixes of dicyllabic prepositions. Some monosyllabic prepositions in Changsha dialect have multiple meanings and can also lead to many semantic roles. The monosyllabic prepositions and their corresponding "X da" double syllable prepositions are asymmetrical in use, so they cannot be replaced freely. "da" has an influence on the grammatical meaning of monosyllabic prepositions, and "da" plays a different role in grammar and semantics between monosyllabic prepositions and their corresponding disyllabic prepositions. This chapter analyzes the syntactic and semantic differences between the monosyllabic preposition "X" and its synonymous "X" type dicyllabic preposition. Chapter three is a contrastive study of passive synonymous monosyllabic prepositions and disyllabic prepositions. "sent", "sent out", "sent out" and "sent out" are passive prepositions in Changsha dialect but not in Mandarin. This chapter first describes the semantic and syntactic characteristics of marked passive sentences in Changsha dialect. Then it discusses the semantic and grammatical differences between the monosyllabic "send" and its corresponding "send" and "send handle" respectively as verbs and prepositions. The fourth chapter is a comparative study of the synonymous prepositions "Ba" and "Ba de". In Changsha dialect, "Ba" and "Ba de" can be used as verbs to give meaning and prepositions to deal with meanings. When used as prepositions, the grammatical meaning of the syntactic forms and expressions formed by "Ba" is more diverse than that of "Bade". This chapter mainly compares Ba and Ba from syntactic format and semantic role of citation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H174

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