文化认知视角下的专名研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 04:06

本文选题：专名 + 文化认知　；参考：《四川外国语大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：分析哲学时期,摹状论和因果论关于专名展开了激烈争辩,前者注重专名的认知性,后者注重专名的社会性。最近,也有学者持二者互补的观点,如社会语用论和转喻论,但它们对专名中的认知性和社会性讨论有失平衡,且不够系统。中国后语言哲学则认为语言问题和现实的外部世界、人的行为、社会交际与日常生活息息相关。我们赞同摹状论和因果论的互补观,认为它符合人们对专名的现实使用,但若要彻底将专名研究回归现实、系统把握专名中的认知性和社会性,还需要从根本上建立新的语言世界观,并将专名的社会维度进一步上升到文化维度。在此基础上,本文的研究问题为认知和文化的依存关系如何影响专名的日常使用。文章尝试在认知语言学框架内,结合认知文化研究、文化语言学等领域关于“认知”和“文化”的关系讨论,认为文化具有主导地位,是“现实—认知—语言”的存在之居所。在这种语言世界观下,文化和认知的关系体现为Sharifian界定的“文化认知”。文化认知属于特定文化群体并且是一个复杂的适应性系统。文章主要得出以下结论:(1)转喻、隐喻等作为命名的普遍认知机制受具体社会、文化约束。首先,“以部代整”的转喻性选择受文化约束;其次,现实由人类经验创造,转喻也可以发生在空名之中;再次,不同的文化对同一专名会产生不同的、甚至对立的摹状语;最后,转喻性认知模型,如模范人物(paragon),也具有社会文化基础。(2)文化认知可以为专名的指称转移和意义变化问题做出统一解释,它们都是文化认知中的一种动态的、适应性现象。指称方面,个体依从群体也影响群体的专名指称;意义方面,只有概念化专名才具有意义。概念化专名属于特定的文化群体但同时也受个体认知影响。
[Abstract]:In the period of analytic philosophy, the theory of description and causation launched a fierce debate about the proper name, the former paid attention to the cognitive nature of the proper name, and the latter focused on the sociality of the proper name. Recently, some scholars hold the view that they complement each other, such as social pragmatics and metonymy, but they are unbalanced and not systematic in the cognitive and social discussion of proper names. Chinese post-linguistic philosophy holds that language problems and the external world of reality, human behavior and social communication are closely related to daily life. We agree with the complementary view of description and causation, and think that it accords with the practical use of proper names, but if we want to return the study of proper names to reality, we should systematically grasp the cognitive and social nature of proper names. It is also necessary to establish a new linguistic world outlook and to raise the social dimension of proper name to the cultural dimension. On this basis, the research of this paper concerns how cognitive and cultural dependencies affect the daily use of proper names. This paper attempts to discuss the relationship between "cognition" and "culture" in the field of cognitive culture and cultural linguistics within the framework of cognitive linguistics. Under this linguistic world outlook, the relationship between culture and cognition is embodied in Sharifian's definition of "cultural cognition". Cultural cognition belongs to a specific cultural group and is a complex adaptive system. This paper draws the following conclusions: metonymy, metaphor as the universal cognitive mechanism of nomenclature are subject to specific social and cultural constraints. First of all, metonymy choice of "metonymy by ministry" is restricted by culture; secondly, reality is created by human experience, metonymy can also occur in empty name, third, different cultures have different, even opposite, descriptions to the same proper name; Finally, metonymy cognitive models, such as paragon, also have a sociocultural basis. Cultural cognition can give a unified explanation for the transfer of proper names and changes in meaning, which are both dynamic and adaptive phenomena in cultural cognition. In referential aspect, individual compliance group also affects group's proper name reference; in meaning aspect, only conceptualized proper name has meaning. Conceptualized proper names belong to specific cultural groups but are also influenced by individual cognition.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H0-05

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