《红楼梦》的动态助词研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 21:45

本文选题：《红楼梦》 + 动态助词　；参考：《福建师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《红楼梦》是中国古代四大名著之一,被誉为“中国封建社会的百科全书”,其中的语言真实地反映了明末清初时期汉语口语的面貌,是近代汉语研究的重要文献语料之一。在《红楼梦》中动态助词的用例相当丰富,句法结构也十分多样,足以使我们较为全面地了解动态助词在清初时期的发展情况,这对近代汉语动态助词的研究有着颇为重要的学术价值。本论文详细描写了《红楼梦》中“了”、“着”、“过”、“得”四个动态助词的句法格式和语义类型,并分别分析了各词的语法功能,展现了清代初期动态助词的基本状况：动态助词使用的频繁程度已接近现代,其中以“了”的使用最为普遍；各词均有复杂多样的结构形式,所表达的语义类型也十分丰富；在语法功能上,以“得”的用法为最多,但仅就助词系统而言,“得”可作动态助词和结构助词,“了”可作动态助词和事态助词,而“着”和“过”只作为动态助词使用,“着”可表完成态和持续态,“过”则表完成态和过去态。我们通过对《红楼梦》动态助词语法化等级的考察和研究,勾勒出“了”、“着”、“过”、“得”各词的语法化进程,从而揭示了动态助词演变的一般规律。
[Abstract]:A Dream of Red Mansions is one of the four famous works in ancient China, which is called "Encyclopedia of Chinese feudal Society". The language in it truly reflects the appearance of spoken Chinese in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and it is one of the important documents in the study of modern Chinese. In A Dream of Red Mansions, the use cases of dynamic auxiliary words are quite abundant, and the syntactic structures are very diverse, so that we can fully understand the development of dynamic auxiliary words in the early Qing Dynasty. This is of great academic value to the study of dynamic auxiliary words in modern Chinese. This thesis describes in detail the syntactic forms and semantic types of the four dynamic auxiliary words in A Dream of Red Mansions, and analyzes the grammatical functions of each word. It shows the basic situation of the dynamic auxiliary words in the early Qing Dynasty: the frequency of the use of the dynamic auxiliary words is close to that of the modern times, in which the use of "Jiao" is the most common, each word has complex and diverse structural forms, and the semantic types expressed are also very rich; In terms of grammatical functions, the usage of "de" is the most, but only in terms of the auxiliary word system, "de" can be used as a dynamic auxiliary and a structural auxiliary, "a" can be used as a dynamic auxiliary and a state of affairs, while "Zhe" and "pass" are only used as dynamic auxiliary. The complete and persistent states can be shown in the "Zhe", and the complete and past states in the "overpass". By investigating and studying the grammaticalization level of dynamic auxiliary words in A Dream of Red Mansions, we outline the grammaticalization process of each word, thus revealing the general law of the evolution of dynamic auxiliary words.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;I207.411

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