现代汉语“开”的语义认知分析

发布时间：2018-06-04 23:05

本文选题：“开” + 语义认知　；参考：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文主要通过“开”的意象图式分析和语义分析入手,说明现代汉语动词“开”的各种用法,主要考察谓语“开”、非谓“开”的句法语义分析,以及“开”的虚化用法。本文首先简要回顾了一直以来对动词的研究和有关“开”的研究内容和现状。建立了“开”的语义认知研究的理论体系,对理论的主要观点、对需要解决的问题加以分析讨论,并在此基础上,确定本文的研究框架。接着描绘出动词“开”’的义项及其意象图式,以及各个意象图式之间的转化。对现代汉语谓语动词“开”的语义及句法进行描写,描写谓语动词“开”的基本语义特征：[十自主][+物理空间][+位移][-关闭],归纳出谓语动词“开”的基本句模,并分析“开”在运动主体和运动图示方面的隐喻扩展。同时对非谓“开”进行考察,对非谓“开”的句法特点和所在句式进行分析和分类,并从中找出其形式特征,便于每一类在形式上能够相互区分,做到形式与意义相互验证。并进一步分析非谓“开”的四个意义：表示效果义；表示位移义；表示始继义；表示比喻义。同时本文从历时的角度入手,对“开”的用法进行抽样统计,探讨了“开”的两条虚化途径：a.本义引申为效果义,效果义再引申为位移义,位移义再引申为始继义；b.本义引申为效果义,效果义再引申为比喻义。同时探讨了“开”可能的五个虚化动因：高频使用；合适的位置;主观化；隐喻和转喻；韵律要求。总的说来,本论文的主要成果和创新点表现如下： 1、总结了有关“开”的研究概况。 2、描绘了动词“开”的意象图式,并试图说明各意象图式之间的转换。 3、描写了动词“开”的语义特征,归纳出谓语“开”的基本句模。 4、总结了非谓“开”’的语法意义,初步描画了“开”的虚化途径。 5、描写了“开”的历时用法。推测“V开”可能的虚化动因。
[Abstract]:Through the image schema analysis and semantic analysis of "Kai", this thesis explains the various uses of the verb "open" in modern Chinese, and mainly examines the syntactic and semantic analysis of predicate "open" and "open", as well as the fictitious use of "open". This paper first briefly reviews the study of verbs and the contents and present situation of the study of "open". This paper establishes the theoretical system of semantic cognition research of "open", analyzes and discusses the main viewpoints of the theory and the problems that need to be solved, and on this basis, determines the research framework of this paper. Then it describes the meaning of the verb "open" and its image schema, as well as the transformation of each image schema. This paper describes the semantics and syntax of the predicate verb "open" in modern Chinese, describes the basic semantic features of the predicate verb "open": [ten autonomous] [physical space] [displacement] [- closure], and concludes the basic sentence model of predicate verb "open". It also analyzes the metaphorical extension of "Open" in the aspects of motion subject and motion diagram. At the same time, the author analyzes and classifies the syntactic features and sentence patterns of non-predicate "open", and finds out their formal characteristics, which is convenient for each category to distinguish each other in form, and to verify the form and meaning of each other. It also analyzes the four meanings of "open": the meaning of effect, the meaning of displacement, the meaning of beginning and the meaning of metaphor. At the same time, this article starts from the diachronic angle, carries on the sampling statistics to the usage of "Kai", and probes into two ways of "opening": "a". The original meaning is the effect meaning, the effect meaning is the displacement meaning, and the displacement meaning is the beginning and subsequent meaning. The original meaning is extended to the effect meaning, and the effect meaning is extended to the figurative meaning. At the same time, the paper discusses five possible fictitious motivations of "opening": high frequency use; suitable position; subjectivization; metaphor and metonymy; prosody requirements. In general, the main achievements and innovations of this paper are as follows: 1. The general situation of the research on "Kai" is summarized. 2. It describes the image schema of the verb "open" and tries to explain the transformation of each image schema. 3. The semantic features of the verb "open" are described, and the basic sentence model of predicate "open" is summed up. 4. The grammatical meaning of non-open is summarized, and the empty way of opening is preliminarily described. 5. The diachronic usage of Kai is described. Conjecture "V open" possible fictitious motive.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

【参考文献】