名动转用的认知机制研究—以网络新词新语为例

发布时间：2018-06-12 19:02

本文选题：名动转用 + 网络新词新语　；参考：《西安外国语大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：名动转用又叫做名动转类、或名转动用，是英汉语中普遍出现和广泛存在的语言现象。很多国内外的学者从传统角度对英汉语名动转用作过深入的研究，例如语义学、语用学、修辞学等。这些研究把这种词类活用视为一种修辞手段，能够营造言简意赅、生动幽默的修辞效果。但是究其产生的认知本质，尤其是在转喻视角下的研究还鲜有人涉及。因此，本文在前人基础上对网络新名词中的名动转用现象进行研究，主要目的是探究隐藏于这一特殊现象背后的认知机制。近些年，随着互联网的普及，创造出一种新兴的网络文化，深刻地影响着人们的生活及观念。在网络的虚拟空间中，大量网民频繁交往，网络语言应运而生。一般来说，网络语言可分为广义和狭义两个层面。本文将研究的网络语言界定为网民这一特殊群体在网络论坛中所使用的新兴的，具有独特表达功效的语言。网络语言与传统语料最大的区别在于它具有可视性、融合性以及多样性等几个突出特点，在创造和使用的过程当中更加的随意自由。这从一个侧面可以展示出网络词汇语法的多样性，但更加能反应在这一过程中网民创造和使用词汇时的理解机制的变化。因此，本文通过对国内著名网络论坛中已被网民广泛接受和使用的新词新语中的名动转用现象进行收集、分类和对比，以概念隐喻为主要理论基础，着重分析其背后的认知机制。通过研究得出的结论主要有以下几点： 1.网络词汇中的名动转用主要是通过语音的相似性而产生的，而这种活用往往使得变化后的词语与原词的相似性大大减少。这一现象背后的转喻机制与传统概念转喻存在一定差别。 2.在网络新词新语的名动转用的过程中，概念转喻并不是其唯一的认知机制。隐喻映射以及隐喻与转喻之间的相互作用都包含其中。 3.在网络词汇的名动转用过程中，名词活用为动词的现象要远远多于动词活用为名词。这是因为人们往往倾向于用名词来表达一定的概念，而在活用中，本应由动词表达的概念名词化，更能突出体现这一名词的特性。而这一点也与概念转喻中使用一个概念最明显特征去代替另一概念这一原则吻合。总之，名动转用不仅仅是一种修辞手段，，更是人们在一定语境下对于概念替换和认知方式的体现。本文研究将会扩大名动转用的实证研究范围，并对补充转喻研究在网络词汇方面有重要作用。
[Abstract]:It is a common and widespread linguistic phenomenon in English and Chinese. Many scholars both at home and abroad have made in-depth research on noun-verb conversion in English and Chinese from the perspective of tradition, such as semantics, pragmatics, rhetoric and so on. These studies regard this kind of speech as a rhetorical device, which can create a concise, vivid and humorous rhetorical effect. However, the cognitive nature of metonymy, especially from the perspective of metonymy, is rarely studied. Therefore, on the basis of predecessors, this paper studies the phenomenon of noun switching in new network nouns, the main purpose of which is to explore the cognitive mechanism hidden behind this special phenomenon. In recent years, with the popularity of the Internet, the creation of a new network culture, profoundly affect people's lives and ideas. In the virtual space of the network, a large number of Internet users communicate frequently, and the network language emerges as the times require. Generally speaking, network language can be divided into two levels: broad sense and narrow sense. In this paper, the network language is defined as a new language with unique expressive effect, which is used by a special group of Internet users in the network forum. The biggest difference between network language and traditional corpus is that it has several outstanding features such as visibility, fusion and diversity, and it is more free in the process of creation and use. This can show the diversity of network vocabulary grammar from one aspect, but it can more reflect the change of understanding mechanism in the process of creating and using vocabulary. Therefore, this paper collects, classifies and compares the phenomenon of noun conversion in neologisms which have been widely accepted and used by Internet users in famous domestic Internet forums, taking conceptual metaphor as the main theoretical basis. The cognitive mechanism behind it is analyzed emphatically. The main conclusions obtained by the study are as follows: 1. The nomenclature conversion in the network vocabulary is mainly caused by the phonetic similarity, which often reduces the similarity between the changed words and the original words. The metonymy mechanism behind this phenomenon is different from that of traditional metonymy. 2. Conceptual metonymy is not the only cognitive mechanism in the process of neologism. The metaphorical mapping and the interaction between metaphor and metonymy contain. 3. 3. In the process of noun conversion, the phenomenon of noun being used as verb is much more than that of verb as noun. This is because people tend to use nouns to express a certain concept, but in practical use, the concept that should be expressed by verbs can better reflect the characteristics of the noun. This is consistent with the principle that one concept is the most obvious feature in metonymy to replace another. In a word, nominalization is not only a rhetorical device, but also a reflection of conceptual substitution and cognitive style in a certain context. This study will expand the scope of empirical research on noun switching and play an important role in the study of metonymy.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H030

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