蒙古语喀尔喀方言重音研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 17:17

本文选题：实验语音学 + 蒙古语　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：重音是语言中普遍存在的韵律现象。蒙古语重音研究是蒙古语韵律研究的一部分,是言语工程的重要研究课题之一。本文在前人研究基础上,用声学分析和听辨实验的方法,对蒙古语喀尔喀方言重音现象进行了系统分析。论文由三个部分组成：一是对蒙古语喀尔喀方言的10个短元音和8个长元音的固有特性进行声学分析,在此基础上全面考察单词重音；二是分析词组中的重音和凸显问题；三是分析句中承担语句重音的词重音表现,并对不同句式条件下的语句重音问题进行了分析。通过研究得出以下结论：一、蒙古语有重音现象,但没有区分词义功能。从声学分析看,多音节词的每个音节音高、音强、音长存在差异。听辨实验证明,母语者能准确分辨出音节间的高低、强弱变化。蒙古语词重音以音节为单位,词中有音节凸显现象。二、音高、音长、音强对蒙古语重音都有不同程度的影响。实验结果显示,音高的影响更为突出,在音高值相对接近,无法分辨时音长和音强发挥作用。三、蒙古语重读音节位置与词中长短元音的分布密切相关。声学分析和听辨实验得出了一致结论：词中含有一个长元音音节时,词重音落在长元音音节；词中含有两个或两个以上长元音音节时,词重音落在前一个长元音音节；以短元音音节构成的多音节词,词重音落在非词首某一个音节,具体会落在哪一个非词首音节没有固定模式。四、句子的语法重音分布模式在不同句式中表现不同。语调短语是语句重音的作用域,语句重音的数量由语调短语的数量而定。语句重音以韵律词为单位,句中有词凸显现象。陈述句,反问句,无疑问词疑问句和建议祈使句中,句子重音落在某一个被强调词上；在是非疑问句中,肯定答案的词承担句重音；在特指疑问句中,疑问代词承担句重音；在选择疑问句中,供选择的前者承担句重音；在命令祈使句中,命令动词和禁止虚词承担句重音；在感叹句中,句重音落在句中无疑问意义疑问代词或者某一个被强调词上。
[Abstract]:Stress is a universal prosodic phenomenon in language. The study of Mongolian accent is a part of Mongolian prosody and one of the most important research topics in speech engineering. On the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a systematic analysis of the accented phenomenon in the Kalkka dialect of Mongolian by means of acoustic analysis and audition experiments. The thesis consists of three parts: one is to analyze the inherent characteristics of 10 short vowels and 8 long vowels in Kalkka dialect of Mongolian, and on this basis to investigate the stress of words, the second is to analyze the stress and prominent problems in the phrases; The third is to analyze the expression of word stress in sentence stress, and to analyze the problem of sentence stress under different sentence patterns. The main conclusions are as follows: first, Mongolian has the phenomenon of stress, but does not distinguish the function of word meaning. From the acoustic analysis, there are differences in the pitch, intensity and length of each syllable in polysyllabic words. Listening experiments show that native speakers can accurately distinguish between syllables. Mongolian word stress is a syllable, in which syllable highlights. Second, pitch, length and intensity have different effects on Mongolian accent. The experimental results show that the effect of pitch is more prominent and the pitch and intensity play a role when the pitch is relatively close and can not be distinguished. Thirdly, the position of Mongolian accented syllable is closely related to the distribution of long and short vowels. The acoustical analysis and audition experiments show that when a word contains a long vowel syllable, the word stress falls on the long vowel syllable, and when the word contains two or more long vowels, the word stress falls on the preceding long vowel syllable. A polysyllabic word consisting of a short vowel, in which the stress falls on a certain syllable at the beginning of a word, and in which non-syllables there is no fixed pattern. Fourth, the grammatical stress distribution patterns of sentences are different in different sentence patterns. Intonation phrase is the scope of sentence stress, and the number of sentence stress is determined by the number of intonation phrases. Sentence stress is based on prosodic words, and words are prominent in sentences. In a declarative sentence, a rhetorical question, an interrogative sentence and a suggested imperative sentence, the stress of the sentence falls on one of the stressed words; in a non-interrogative sentence, the positive word bears the stress of the sentence; in a particular interrogative sentence, the interrogative pronoun bears the stress of the sentence; In the selective interrogative sentence, the former assumes the stress of the sentence; in the imperative sentence, the command verb and the forbidden function word bear the stress; in the exclamation sentence, the stress falls on the interrogative pronoun or one of the accentuated words in the sentence without doubt meaning.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H212

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