汉语反身代词“自己”照应关系的综合分析研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 11:21

本文选题：“自己” + 长距离照应　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文是关于汉语光杆反身代词“自己”照应关系的综合研究。汉语反身代词“自己”有其自身的特点：即“自己”可以跨越自身所处的管辖语域与其先行词形成长距离照应关系。因此,汉语反身代词成为国内外语法界研究的热点。对于“自己”的长距离照应现象,学者们提出了诸多解释方法,但是从纯句法或者纯语用的角度无法对其进行充分的解读。“自己”长距离照应是句法、语义和语用等因素相互作用的结果。因此,在对“自己”长距离照应关系进行解读时,本文采用了一种包含句法、语义和语用三方面因素的综合分析法。本文建立在程工对“自己”性质的界定和角色参照语法上。正是“自己”的代词性使得“自己”长距离照应成为可能。在运用角色参照语法进行句法层面研究后发现,当句中只有一个可能先行成分时,反身代词“自己”优先与管辖语域内的行为元共指。由于受到形容词、副词等修饰语的语义含义、语用功能以及语境因素的影响,“自己”有时可以作分指解读,或指向动词等非论元成分。当句中有多个候选先行词时,总的法则是“自己”会选择小句中与小句中心主目语共指的语义同指题元作为其先行词。复杂句中,会出现核心谓词连接、小句中心连接以及小句连接等复杂结构。在小句中心连接中,处于控制角色且与小句中心连接内嵌的逻辑结构中的主目语位置相连结的主小句中心的主目语一般会成为“自己”的同指对象。而对于小句连接,句子中所有与“自己”所处小句中心的行为元具有相同人称特征的行为元都可以成为“自己”的先行词。在语义含义影响句法结构理解这一过程中,语境等语用因素发挥着重要的作用,甚至可以决定“自己”的所指。因此,本文得出结论：对“自己”的解读涉及到句法、语义和语用三方面的因素。句法、语义和语用的相互作用是通过以下三个表征来实现的：显示句子结构的句法结构表征,表现语言表示式词汇意义的语义涵义表征以及对应于句子交际功能的语用表征。语用表征允当链接的角色,将句法和语义表征联系起来。也就是说,在语义含义影响句法结构理解这一过程中,包括语境在内的语用因素发挥重要的重要,可以帮助消除歧义并影响着对句法结构的理解。所以,对汉语反身代词“自己”长距离照应关系的解读应在句法—语义—语用接口上来完成。
[Abstract]:This paper is a comprehensive study on the anaphora relation of Chinese bare pole reflexive pronoun "oneself". The Chinese reflexive pronoun "oneself" has its own characteristics: "I" can span its jurisdiction register and form a long distance anaphora relationship with its antecedents. Therefore, Chinese reflexive pronouns have become a hot topic in grammar research at home and abroad. For the long distance anaphora phenomenon of "oneself", scholars have put forward a lot of interpretation methods, but they can not fully interpret it from the perspective of pure syntax or pure pragmatics. Long distance anaphora is the result of the interaction of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors. Therefore, when we interpret the long distance anaphora of "self", we adopt a comprehensive analysis method which includes syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors. This paper is based on the definition of "self" and role reference grammar. It is the pronoun "self" that makes long-distance reference possible. In the study of syntactic level with role reference grammar, it is found that when there is only one possible antecedent in the sentence, the reflexive pronoun "oneself" takes precedence with the coreference of the behavioural elements in the jurisdiction register. Influenced by the semantic meaning of adjectives, adverbs and other modifiers, pragmatic functions and contextual factors, "oneself" can sometimes be interpreted as a point of division, or as a non-argument element such as a pointing verb. When there are more than one candidate antecedents in the sentence, the general rule is that "oneself" will choose the semantic synonym of coreference in the clause as its antecedent. In complex sentences, there are complex structures such as core predicate join, clause central connection and clause connection. In clause central connection, the main object in the center of the main clause, which is in the controlling role and is connected with the position of the main object in the logical structure embedded in the central connection of the clause, will generally become the same referring object of "oneself". For clause connection, all behavioral elements with the same personal characteristics as the behavior elements at the center of the clause in which "oneself" are located can be used as antecedents of "oneself". In the process of semantic meaning affecting the understanding of syntactic structure, pragmatic factors such as context play an important role and can even determine the meaning of "oneself". Therefore, this paper concludes that the interpretation of self involves syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors. The interaction of syntax, semantics and pragmatics is realized by the following three representations: the syntactic structure representation of the sentence structure, the semantic representation of the lexical meaning of the expressive language, and the pragmatic representation corresponding to the communicative function of the sentence. Pragmatic representation plays a role in linking syntactic and semantic representations. In other words, in the process of semantic meaning affecting the understanding of syntactic structure, pragmatic factors, including context, play an important role, which can help to disambiguate and affect the understanding of syntactic structure. Therefore, the interpretation of the long distance anaphora of the Chinese reflexive pronoun "oneself" should be completed on the syntactic-semantic-pragmatic interface.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】