汉语流行语“舌尖上的X”的认知解释

发布时间：2018-06-23 10:46

本文选题：舌尖上的X + 构式压制　；参考：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：流行语由于其丰富的表达力和持续的生命力,一直是当代学者的研究重点。前人主要用语言经济学,张力理论,模因论来讨论流行语的特征,也有用形式功能语言学和认知语言学研究具体流行语的。本文研究一个新的流行结构“舌尖上的X”,如“舌尖上的中国”,“舌尖上的调控”,“舌尖上的安全”,该结构的研究文献目前尚未见到。这一结构表现出句法-语义异常：结构中的“舌尖”不能放置处所成分(如“中国”),更不能与动词和形容词(如“调控”、“安全”)同构。此外,-“舌尖上的x”在使用中还衍生出丰富的语义变化。本文试图通过构式压制理论来解释此结构的句法-语义异常,运用概念转喻解释此构式的语义泛化。文章先描述该构式的意义,X的性质,“舌尖上的X”的变体,再用认知语言学理论构式压制和概念转喻来对该构式作出解释。此研究语料来自百度新闻搜索,总计131例。通过研究网络流行语料,发现“舌尖上的X”中的X可以是不能放置于舌尖上的地名、时间名、人名如“中国”、“夏天”、“丈母娘”,也可以是动词形容词,如上文提到的“调控”、“安全”。而构式压制可以对这种不兼容的现象做出解释。在构式压制中,构式和语境压制词汇,使得表面异常的结构获得合理的语义识解。具体说,“舌尖上的X”从典型义[美食视角下的X]延伸出[与饮食相关的X],[由饮食引发的X],[能说会道的X],[引发热议的X]等多种语义,并且逐渐衍生出不同语用变体和结构。从认知机制看,这一流行语的语义延伸主要涉及整体-部分、工具-动作-对象、工具-动作、动作-产物和具体-抽象等转喻机制。,具体而言,这些转喻机制表现为“舌尖”映射“舌头”再到映射“整个感知系统”,“舌头”映射“品尝”到映射“食物”,“舌头”映射“说话”到映射“话语”再到映射“能说会道”。这些转喻机制可以进一步概括为用具体指代抽象(SPECIFIC FOR GENERIC),用有功能的代替无功能的(FUNCTIONAL OVER NON-FUNCTIONAL)等一般规律。文章分为五个部分。第一部分介绍该论文的研究背景,研究目的和意义；第二部分简要介绍流行语的特点和分类,以及研究所用到的语言学理论,主要是构式压制理论和概念转喻理论；第三部分对本文要研究的流行语“舌尖上的X”做语义和句法上的描述,并简述了其变体和类推结构；第四部分重点运用构式压制和概念转喻分析该构式所蕴含的语言机制,并且对构式的变体做出语言学解释；最后一部分总结全文,得出结论。本文研究流行语“舌尖上的X”,运用构式压制和概念转喻分析了普遍存在于流行语中的非常规搭配。而概念压制和概念转喻都是建立在由人们认知体验得到的概念图示。这表明语言运用和理解与人们的体验有密切联系。本文只收集了网络语料,没有针对特定人群和时间搜集语料,历时研究更能说明语言的变化趋势,因此这方面还有待改进。
[Abstract]:This paper studies a new popular structure " X " on the tongue , such as " China " on the tip of the tongue " , " Regulation on the tip of the tongue " and " safety on the tip of the tongue " .

It is found that X in the tip of the tongue can be a place name , time name , person name , such as " China " , " Summer " , " Mother - in - law " or a verb adjective , such as " Chinese " , " summer " , " mother - in - law " , and other metonymies such as " Chinese " , " summer " and " safety " .

The article is divided into five parts . The first part introduces the research background , research aim and significance of the paper .
In the second part , the characteristics and classification of popular language are briefly introduced , and the linguistic theory used in the research is mainly composed of the structure - type pressing theory and the conceptual metaphor theory ;
The third part describes the semantic and syntax of " X " on the tongue tip to be studied in this paper , and describes its variant and analogy structure .
The fourth part focuses on the analysis of the language mechanism contained in the structure by using the structure - type pressing and the conceptual metaphor , and makes a linguistic interpretation of the variant of the structure .
The final part of the summary is summarized and the conclusion is drawn .

In this paper , we study the " X " on the tongue tip of the popular language , and the non - conventional collocation which is ubiquitous in the popular language is analyzed by using the structure - type pressing and the conceptual metaphor , and the concept suppression and the conceptual metaphor are the conceptual illustrations of the cognitive experience . This shows that the language application and understanding are closely related to people ' s experience .

This paper only collects network corpus , does not collect corpus for specific population and time , diachronic study can explain the trend of language change , so there is still to be improved in this area .
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】