宜君方言词汇及其过渡性特点研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 04:28

本文选题：宜君方言 + 词汇　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：宜君县位于陕西省中部、铜川市北部地区。西、北接黄陵县,东临洛川县,南靠白水县和铜川市印台区,地处陕北与关中的接壤地带。县域总面积1531平方公里,辖6镇3乡,共178个行政村。宜君方言属于中原官话关中片。丁德科、茹钢《渭北方言(铜川地区)方言研究》、杨银梅《陕西铜川方言研究》中将铜川方言分为洛区片和渭区片,宜君方言划归洛区片。迄今为止还没有一部专门研究宜君方言的著作,论文成果也很少,几乎成为了方言研究领域的一片空白。宜君方言语音系统中,有29个声母(包括零声母)、40个韵母(包括儿化韵)、4个单字调。在音系描写的基础上,进一步分析了宜君方言的语音特点。宜君方言词汇系统中,记录了所调查到的3201条方言词汇,分为29类。分别是“天文、地理、时令时间、农业、植物、动物、房舍、器具用品、称谓、亲属、身体、疾病医疗、衣服穿戴、饮食、红白大事、日常生活、讼事、交际、商业交通、文化教育、文体活动、动作、位置、代词、形容词、副词介词、量词、附加成分、数字”。此外,以词表形式记录了宜君方言中的四字格、谚语、俗语、歇后语。宜君方言构词法主要有重叠和词缀两种形式,重点分析了“从、AAB、ABB、AABB"式名词,“AA、ABA、AABB”式动词,“AA儿、AABB、ABAB”式形容词,“AA、从儿”式副词以及“圪”头词、“日”头词、“子”缀词、“头”缀词、“V+人”、“A+人”式自感结构的使用特点。宜君方言词汇内部存在差异。从地域上看,主要表现在以塬区地形为主的东北部、以山区地形为主的西南部以及县城中心地区之间的不同,可以分为塬区话、山区话、城区话三个小片。本文分别以尧生镇、棋盘镇、城关镇为代表进行系统调查和内部比较。通过三个方言代表点的词汇比较发现,宜君方言词汇内部一致性较高,同时也存在一定程度的地域差异。此外,将宜君方言词汇与关中方言词汇、陕北晋语词汇进行比较,探究与周边方言的亲属关系,比较发现宜君方言与关中方言关系较为密切,与陕北晋语关系较为疏远,进一步分析宜君方言在词汇上呈现出的过渡性特点。
[Abstract]:Yijun County is located in the central part of Shaanxi Province, the northern part of Tongchuan City. West, north of Huangling County, east of Luochuan County, south of Baishui County and Tongchuan City Intai District, located in northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong border zone. County total area of 1531 square kilometers, jurisdiction 6 towns and 3 townships, a total of 178 administrative villages. Yijun dialect belongs to Guanzhong film of the Central Plains Mandarin. Dingdeke, Rugang < Weibei dialect (Tongchuan area) dialect study ", Yang Yinmei < Shaanxi Tongchuan dialect study >, Tongchuan dialect is divided into Luo district and Wei district, Yijun dialect is divided into Luo district. So far, there is not a book devoted to the study of Yijun dialect, and the achievement of the thesis is very few, which has almost become a blank in the field of dialect research. There are 29 initials (including zero initials), 40 vowels (including the rhyme of Erhua) and 4 tones in the phonetics system of Yijun dialect. On the basis of phonological description, the phonological characteristics of Yijun dialect are further analyzed. In the vocabulary system of Yijun dialect, 3201 dialect words are recorded, which are classified into 29 categories. They are: "Astronomy, geography, seasonal time, agriculture, plants, animals, houses, appliances, appellations, kinship, body, medical care, clothing, diet, red and white events, daily life, litigation, communication, commercial transportation," Cultural education, cultural and cultural activities, action, position, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs prepositions, quantifiers, add-ons, numerals. In addition, four-character cases, proverbs, sayings and sayings in Yijun dialect are recorded in the form of lexicon. In Yijun dialect, there are two main forms of word formation: reduplication and affix. This paper mainly analyzes the nouns of "AABB", the verb of "AAAABA", the adjective of "AA" and "AABB", the adverb of "aaer" and the adverb of "GE", the first word of "day", the affix "Zi", and so on. The use characteristics of "head" affix, "V person" and "A person" self-sensing structure. There are differences within the vocabulary of Yijun dialect. From the regional point of view, it is mainly manifested in the Northeast, which is dominated by the tableland, the southwest, which is dominated by the mountainous area, and the central area of the county, which can be divided into three pieces: the dialect of the tableland, the dialect of the mountainous area and the dialect of the urban area. This paper takes Yao Sheng Town, Qi Pan Town and Chengguan Town as the representatives of systematic investigation and internal comparison. Through the lexical comparison of the three representative points of dialects, it is found that the vocabulary of Yijun dialect is consistent with each other, and there are also some regional differences. In addition, by comparing the vocabulary of Yijun dialect with that of Guanzhong dialect and the vocabulary of Shaanxi Northern Jin dialect, it is found that the relation between Yijun dialect and Guanzhong dialect is close, and the relationship between Yijun dialect and Guanzhong dialect is more distant. Further analyze the transitional features of Yijun dialect in terms of vocabulary.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H17

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