翻译社会学视阈下的鲁迅翻译研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 15:54

【摘要】：自20世纪90年代末期以来，随着翻译的跨学科研究成为一种既定范式和研究趋向，翻译活动被置于宏观社会语境中并被给予多视角透视。近年来西方翻译学界开始将三位著名社会学家布迪厄、卢曼及拉图尔的社会学理论借鉴到翻译研究当中，开启了翻译社会学的研究模式，其中引用最多的当属法国著名社会学家皮埃尔·布迪厄的理论。翻译家们藉此分析影响翻译的各种社会制约因素，从社会学角度对各种翻译现象及其社会机制进行跨学科的综合性研究。随着社会学视阈下的翻译研究模式日渐升温，“翻译社会学”作为翻译学与社会学之间的一门交叉学科已经开始萌生。在社会学理论框架下进行的翻译研究则会更辩证、更理性。鲁迅先生被公认为中国伟大的文学家、思想家、革命家，但他其实还是我国现代杰出的翻译家。鲁迅的翻译作品数量很多，内容浩繁，，总字数达三百万多字，占他全部文字的一半以上。无论是从数量上，还是从内容上看，翻译都是鲁迅文学活动的重要组成部分。他的翻译积极参与了创作过程，对其文学思想的形成起到建构作用。他的思想与翻译互为镜像，一方面翻译折射出他的思想内容，反映出他不同时期的兴趣所在和审美取向；另一方面他在翻译活动中对译作的接收、增益或减损也改变了他的思想观念，因此翻译也不可避免地参预他的文学创作，为他的文学创作增添新的素质。本研究以鲁迅的翻译思想及翻译实践作为研究对象，借助翻译社会学视角，对其进行了整体性分析，探讨影响翻译活动内在的、根本的原因。主要内容分为引言、主体及结论：引言部分介绍了研究背景与目的、研究方法、研究难点、重点及创新点和研究内容。主体部分分为四章：第一章对翻译社会学的国内外研究现状进行综述，同时回顾了有关鲁迅翻译的研究状况；第二章介绍了三大社会学家的社会学理论及其对翻译的影响，系统梳理翻译社会学理论的几个主要方面，对其研究对象及研究方法进行分析阐述；第三章对鲁迅的翻译思想及实践进行系统总结和概括。首先详细论述了鲁迅的主要翻译思想，即“翻译救国思想”、“直译与硬译”以及“翻译批评”；同时系统地梳理和概括了其早期、中期、晚期三个时期的翻译实践；第四章用翻译社会学理论深入分析鲁迅的翻译实践，首先，用场域分析其译本的选择；其次，用惯习分析其翻译策略的运用；最后，用资本分析其翻译的功能；结论部分指出：翻译社会学可以将翻译活动中的社会历史状况与译者的生活轨迹相结合，不仅为其翻译研究提供了新的视角，而且可以更好地解释其翻译思想和翻译实践的特殊性，进而得出影响其翻译的内在的、深层次的原因。
[Abstract]:Since the late 1990s, as the interdisciplinary study of translation has become an established paradigm and research trend, translation activities have been placed in the macro social context and given a multi-perspective. In recent years, the western translation studies began to draw lessons from the sociological theories of three famous sociologists, Bourdieu, Luman and Latour, in translation studies, thus opening the research model of translation sociology. One of the most cited is the famous French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu's theory. Based on the analysis of various social constraints affecting translation, translators have made a comprehensive and interdisciplinary study of translation phenomena and their social mechanisms from a sociological perspective. With the increasing development of translation studies from the perspective of sociology, "sociology of translation", as an interdisciplinary subject between translation and sociology, has begun to sprout. Translation studies under the framework of sociological theory will be more dialectical and rational. Mr. Lu Xun is recognized as a great writer, thinker and revolutionary in China, but he is also an outstanding translator in modern China. Lu Xun's translated works amount to more than 3 million words, accounting for more than half of his total. Translation is an important part of Lu Xun literary activities both in quantity and content. His translation took an active part in the creative process and played a constructive role in the formation of his literary thoughts. His thoughts and translation mirror each other. On the one hand, translation reflects his ideological content, reflecting his interest and aesthetic orientation in different periods; on the other hand, he receives the translated works in his translation activities. As a result, translation inevitably takes part in his literary creation and adds new qualities to his literary creation. Taking Lu Xun's translation thought and translation practice as the research object, this study makes a holistic analysis of Lu Xun from the perspective of translation sociology, and probes into the internal and fundamental reasons that affect translation activities. The main content is divided into introduction, main body and conclusion: the introduction part introduces the research background and purpose, the research method, the research difficulty, the emphasis and the innovation point and the research content. The main body is divided into four chapters: the first chapter reviews the current research situation of translation sociology at home and abroad, and reviews the research status of Lu Xun translation; The second chapter introduces the sociological theories of the three sociologists and their influence on translation, systematically combs the main aspects of translation sociology theories, and analyzes the research object and research methods. Chapter three summarizes and generalizes Lu Xun's translation ideas and practices. First of all, this paper discusses in detail Lu Xun's main translation ideas, namely, "the idea of saving the nation from translation", "literal translation and hard translation" and "translation criticism", and at the same time systematically combs and summarizes the translation practice in the early, middle and late periods. Chapter four analyzes Lu Xun's translation practice with the theory of sociology of translation. Firstly, it analyzes the choice of its translation by field; secondly, it analyzes the application of its translation strategies with habit; finally, it uses capital to analyze the function of its translation. The conclusion points out that translation sociology not only provides a new perspective for translation studies, but also combines the social and historical situation in translation activities with the translator's life track. Moreover, it can better explain the particularity of his translation thought and translation practice, and then obtain the internal and deep reasons that affect his translation.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H059

【参考文献】