3-7岁儿童量词习得研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 11:49
【摘要】：早在上个世纪八十年代,学者们就开始对汉语儿童的量词习得状况进行了调查和探索,其研究成果受国外语言研究理论和方法的影响,经历了从心理学到语言学的逐渐过渡,这些研究成果对儿童量词习得的整体规律做出了明确的总结：①儿童对量词的掌握水平和他们的认知水平是分不开的,②量词的掌握似乎有一个先后难易顺序,最先掌握的是一般性量词“个”,其次是概括性较差,应用面很窄的特殊性量词,如“本”、“双”,最难掌握的是概括性高,应用面较宽,能修饰事物空间知觉特征的特殊性量词,③方言的影响是明显的,④量词习得中存在泛化和句式顺应同化现象。本文以四年多积累的个案语料和群案调查语料为基础,分年龄阶段对其量词习得进行分析研究,通过对同一年龄阶段量词习得高水平和低水平者的比较及调查访谈,对影响同一年龄儿童量词的因素进行了分析,发现同一年龄阶段儿童量词习得水平与阅读数量密切相关,并对这一新的发现在第四章进行了深入的探讨。同时,本文对儿童量词习得的总体特征也进行探讨,调查显示七岁左右已基本能够熟练运用高频量词,且随着年龄的增长同一年龄阶段的高水平习得者与低水平习得者之间的差距不停的拉大,泛化和句式顺应同化现象只存于儿童量词习得的初级阶段,5-7岁儿童在交际中已能够通过量词的变换来表现他们感情和思想。此外,本文对6-7岁年龄阶段城乡儿童量词习得情况进行了调查和分析比较,对儿童量词习得和留学生量词习得过程中所遇到的困难及其出现的偏误进行分析归纳,对儿童量词运用中的语用现象进行了论述,力图多角度、多方位的探讨量词习得的规律,为语言学习者习得量词寻找到一条科学、快速、有效、有趣的途径。
[Abstract]:As early as the eighties of the last century, scholars began to investigate and explore the situation of Chinese children's acquisition of quantifiers. The research results were influenced by foreign language research theories and methods, and experienced a gradual transition from psychology to linguistics. These results clearly sum up the whole rule of children's quantifier acquisition. It seems that there is a difficult order for children to master quantifiers in the order that their level of mastery is inseparable from their level of cognition. The first thing to master is the general quantifier "individual", followed by the worse generality and narrower application of the special classifier, such as "Ben" and "double". The most difficult to master is the high generality and wide application. The influence of the special quantifier Zang 3 dialect which can modify the spatial perceptual characteristics of things is the generalization and the assimilation of sentence pattern adaptation in the acquisition of the classifier. Based on more than four years' accumulated case data and group case investigation data, this paper analyzes and studies the acquisition of classifiers in different age stages, and through the comparison and investigation of those who acquire high and low levels of quantifiers at the same age stage. This paper analyzes the factors affecting the quantifiers of children of the same age and finds that the level of children's acquisition of quantifiers is closely related to the amount of reading at the same age, and this new discovery is deeply discussed in Chapter four. At the same time, this paper also discusses the general characteristics of children's quantifier acquisition. The investigation shows that the children have been able to use high-frequency classifiers at the age of seven. And with the increase of age, the gap between the high level learners and the low level learners of the same age period keeps widening. Generalization and syntactic assimilation exist only in the primary stage of children's quantifier acquisition. Children aged 5-7 can express their feelings and thoughts through the transformation of quantifiers in communication. In addition, this paper makes an investigation and analysis on the acquisition of classifiers in urban and rural children aged 6-7, and analyzes and sums up the difficulties and errors encountered in the acquisition of classifiers by children and foreign students. This paper discusses the pragmatic phenomena in the use of children's classifiers, and tries to explore the rules of quantifier acquisition from many angles and from many aspects, in order to find a scientific, rapid, effective and interesting way for language learners to acquire quantifiers.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H193.1
本文编号：2123970
[Abstract]:As early as the eighties of the last century, scholars began to investigate and explore the situation of Chinese children's acquisition of quantifiers. The research results were influenced by foreign language research theories and methods, and experienced a gradual transition from psychology to linguistics. These results clearly sum up the whole rule of children's quantifier acquisition. It seems that there is a difficult order for children to master quantifiers in the order that their level of mastery is inseparable from their level of cognition. The first thing to master is the general quantifier "individual", followed by the worse generality and narrower application of the special classifier, such as "Ben" and "double". The most difficult to master is the high generality and wide application. The influence of the special quantifier Zang 3 dialect which can modify the spatial perceptual characteristics of things is the generalization and the assimilation of sentence pattern adaptation in the acquisition of the classifier. Based on more than four years' accumulated case data and group case investigation data, this paper analyzes and studies the acquisition of classifiers in different age stages, and through the comparison and investigation of those who acquire high and low levels of quantifiers at the same age stage. This paper analyzes the factors affecting the quantifiers of children of the same age and finds that the level of children's acquisition of quantifiers is closely related to the amount of reading at the same age, and this new discovery is deeply discussed in Chapter four. At the same time, this paper also discusses the general characteristics of children's quantifier acquisition. The investigation shows that the children have been able to use high-frequency classifiers at the age of seven. And with the increase of age, the gap between the high level learners and the low level learners of the same age period keeps widening. Generalization and syntactic assimilation exist only in the primary stage of children's quantifier acquisition. Children aged 5-7 can express their feelings and thoughts through the transformation of quantifiers in communication. In addition, this paper makes an investigation and analysis on the acquisition of classifiers in urban and rural children aged 6-7, and analyzes and sums up the difficulties and errors encountered in the acquisition of classifiers by children and foreign students. This paper discusses the pragmatic phenomena in the use of children's classifiers, and tries to explore the rules of quantifier acquisition from many angles and from many aspects, in order to find a scientific, rapid, effective and interesting way for language learners to acquire quantifiers.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H193.1
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