索马里留学生汉语单字调习得的实验研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 19:12

【摘要】：本文所进行的实验研究,是在传统的听辨实验基础上,结合实验语音学的声学实验,依据数据、表格等,对6位索马里留学生汉语单字调的习得进行系统分析,探讨其语音习得规律,总结其语音偏误类型,并提出相应的教学对策。全文共分五个部分。第一章“引论”。简述本文的选题缘由、研究意义、研究目的及国内外对于外国留学生汉语单字调习得的研究。第二章“听辨实验”。从留学生听辨中国人发音和中国人听辨留学生发音两个角度,综合考察索马里留学生汉语单字调输入与输出之间的关系。在介绍实验对象的选择、实验字表的设计和实验程序的确定的基础上,对实验数据进行统计分析。实验结果显示： (1)单字调的难易输入与输出比较,输入的偏误多于输出的偏误,可见输入难度人于输出难度：其中声调难易顺序表现相同,均为阳平最难,阴平和上声次之,去声最容易； (2)误听类型与误读类型的偏误表现基本相同； (3)混淆类型的偏误表现也基本相同。可见,索马里留学生汉语单字调输入与输出存在较高的相关性。第三章“声学实验”。借助Praat语音分析软件,对索马里留学生汉语单字调习得的特点进行系统的声学描写和分析。实验结果显示： (1)调域范围较窄； (2)四声习得的难易顺序与听辨实验结果相同； (3)时长偏误去声最高,阳平与上声较低。这表明,索马里留学生汉语单字调的发音在调域、调型、调值、时长等方面都有不同程度的偏误表现。第四章“教学对策”。针对上述实验结论,结合实际课堂教学,提出了Praat软件的辅助教学,声调的课堂训练等对策,前者建议可利用Praat语音软件对留学生进行语音图的分析和最直接的纠正：后者建议从最直接的听力教学和发音教学入手,运用多种教学手段来提高留学生的语音语调面貌。第五章“结语”。总结本研究的主要结论,提出有待进一步探讨的问题。
[Abstract]:The experimental research in this paper is based on the traditional listening experiment, combined with the experimental phonetics acoustic experiment, according to the data, tables and so on, the acquisition of Chinese single word tone of 6 Somali students is systematically analyzed. This paper probes into the rules of phonetic acquisition, summarizes the types of phonetic errors, and puts forward the corresponding teaching countermeasures. The full text is divided into five parts. Chapter one, introduction. This paper briefly introduces the reason, significance, purpose of the research and the study of the acquisition of Chinese single word tone for foreign students at home and abroad. The second chapter is listening experiment. The relationship between the input and output of the single word tone of the Somali students is comprehensively investigated from the perspectives of the Chinese pronunciation of the students studying in Somalia and the pronunciation of the Chinese students in China. On the basis of introducing the selection of experimental object, the design of experimental word table and the determination of experimental program, the experimental data are statistically analyzed. The experimental results show that: (1) compared with the output, the input error is more than the output error. It is obvious that the input difficulty is more difficult than the output error: among them, the tone difficulty is the same, all of them are the most difficult in Yangping. Yinping and uppervoice were the second most easily dissonant; (2) the errors of mishearing type and misreading type were basically the same; (3) the error performance of confused type was basically the same. It can be seen that there is a high correlation between input and output of Chinese single word tone for Somali students. The third chapter is Acoustic experiment. With the help of Praat phonetic analysis software, this paper systematically describes and analyzes the characteristics of the acquisition of single word tone by Somali students. The experimental results show that: (1) the range of tone field is narrow; (2) the order of difficulty in acquisition of four sounds is the same as that of audition experiment; (3) the duration bias is the highest, and Yangping and Shangsheng are lower. This indicates that the pronunciation of Chinese single tone of Somali students has different degrees of bias in terms of tone field, tone type, modulation value, duration and so on. The fourth chapter is Teaching Countermeasure. In view of the above experimental conclusions, combined with the actual classroom teaching, this paper puts forward some countermeasures such as the assistant teaching of Praat software and the classroom training of tone, etc. The former suggests using Praat phonetic software to analyze and correct the phonetics of foreign students directly. The latter suggests that the most direct listening teaching and pronunciation teaching should be used to improve the phonetics and intonation of foreign students. Chapter five, conclusion. The main conclusions of this study are summarized and the problems to be further discussed are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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