语段理论框架下对类别词的句法研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 09:54

【摘要】：本文是在语段框架理论下对类别词的语法研究。无论是先前的句法研究,抑或是语义研究,语言学家们都倾向于得出这么一个结论：类别词可以作为中心词(ChengSybesma1999).在生成语法近期的理论发展阶段,特别是语段理论阶段,语言学家们发现了分句与名词短语的相似性。Svenonius(2003)提出一种较为复杂的语段模式：Op*--[Q—K—Num*--[n—N。Cai(2009)在此基础上稍做改动,提出另一相似模式：Op*--[D—K—Num*--[n—N。而在两位学者研究的基础上,本文反向思考,做出较大改动,提出一个新模式：D*—[Q—K—F*—[n—N。该模式表明,名词词组中的两个语段分别是数量词组QP和轻名词词组nP；另外,两个语段的边缘分别是限定词D和F的标示语位置。先前的学者对类别词的句法地位及语义做了大量研究,但大都没有在语段理论下进行。Cai(2009)率先运用了语段理论,制定了参数,但是建立在将类别词类型语言与非类别词类型语言进行分类讨论的基础上。这种人为区分,在某种程度上违反了Chomsky的最简主义原则,割裂了实现普遍语法的进程,也产生了不少无法解释的语言现象。为了进一步统一讨论,以更深入地了解类别词的句法本质,本文设定：QP和nP是名词词组中的两个语段；把语言分为[N+Num+C1]模式(一类语言)和[Num+C1+N]模式(二类语言)；轻名词n是名词性成分吸收者,在一类语言中扮演一类名词吸收者的角色,在二类语言中扮演二类名词吸收者角色。此种划分包容性更强,简化了参数设置,能对大部分语言进行分析,得到相应的生成投射图。文章采用了普通话、粤语、英语、日语、泰语等语料分别对其语言类别词词组用法的语段生成过程进行具体分析。文章重点讨论了名词词组NP的移位问题。认为NP的原始位置为[N+Num+C1],NP移位为名词词组里存在的[Num+C1+N]形式提供了解释。经过深入分析,我们对类别词类型语言中名词词组的语段推导过程有了较为全面的了解。最后,我们的结论是：类别词本质是名词性成分,从属于nP语段,位于树形图的最底端。
[Abstract]:This paper is a grammatical study of categorical words in the context of segmental frame theory. Whether in previous syntactic studies or semantic studies, linguists tend to draw the conclusion that category words can be used as ChengSybesma1999. In the recent theoretical development of generative grammar, especially in the theoretical stage of segment theory, linguists have discovered the similarity between clauses and noun phrases. Svenonius (2003) proposed a more complex segment pattern: Op-[ Q-K-Numin- [n-N.Cai (2009)]. Another similar model is proposed, which is: Opan- [D-K-Numus- [n-N.] On the basis of the research by two scholars, this paper puts forward a new model: [Q-K-FAN-] [n-NN-] by thinking in reverse direction and making great changes. The model shows that the two segments in the noun phrase are the quantitative phrase QP and the light noun phrase nPrespectively, and the edge of the two segments is the marker position of the determinants D and F, respectively. Previous scholars have done a great deal of research on the syntactic position and semantics of category words, but most of them have not carried out. Cai (2009) first used the theory of segment and established the parameters. But on the basis of classifying category word type language and non-category word type language. To some extent, this artificial distinction violates Chomsky's minimalist principle, separates the process of realizing universal grammar, and produces a lot of inexplicable linguistic phenomena. In order to further unify the discussion and understand the syntactic essence of category words in depth, this paper assumes that: QP and NP are two segments of noun phrases, which are divided into [N Num C1] pattern (one language) and [Num C12 N] pattern (second class language). Light noun n is a noun absorber who plays the role of a noun absorber in a first language and a noun absorber in a second class language. The partition is more inclusive, simplifies the parameter setting, and can analyze most languages and get the corresponding projection graph. In this paper, Putonghua, Cantonese, English, Japanese, Thai and other data are used to analyze the formation process of phrases in their language categories. This paper focuses on the shift of NP in noun phrases. It is considered that the original position of NP is [N Num C1] NP shift to explain the [Num C 1 N] form existing in noun phrases. After in-depth analysis, we have a more comprehensive understanding of the derivation process of noun phrases in the category word type language. Finally, we conclude that the nature of category words is nominally, which belongs to the NP segment and is at the bottom of the tree.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H04

【共引文献】