汉越语爱情隐喻对比研究
发布时间：2018-09-03 14:03
【摘要】：隐喻是现代语言学研究的一个热门话题,隐喻的本质问题一直困扰着语言学家和哲学家。上世纪80年代以来,Lakoff(1987)和Johnson(1987)等一些语言学家提出隐喻理论(LakoffTurner1989:203),人们才开始认识到隐喻对人类语言和认知的重要性。传统语言研究中,隐喻常常被用来修饰话语,属于语言的一种修辞现象。而认知语言学的观点是通过人类的认知和推理,隐喻可以系统地、对应地将一个概念域映射到另一个概念域。因此隐喻不仅仅是一种语言现象,它更是一种人类的认知现象。它是人类用某一种事物的经验来说明或解释另一种事物的经验的一种认知活动。隐喻无所不在,它是“两个类属不同的语义场之间的语义映射’'(I.A.Richards,1994)。(Lakoff,1980)认为“所有的语言都具有隐喻性”。莱考夫和约翰逊(1981)曾经整理出大量语言实例来证明隐语概念是构成语言的基础。由此看来,隐喻不仅仅是一种语言现象,也属于人类思维现象,这与传统修辞学中认为的隐喻被重新定义为“隐喻表达”,它是跨语义场映射的表层实现方式的观点不同。 人类的情感可以说是最复杂的,人类大部分的情感都是通过隐喻方式来表达的,情感隐喻属于一种心理现象。情感是人类对外部世界感知经验总和的组成部分,存在于人们生活的各个角落,因此也成为世界各民族一个共同的或者永恒的话题。人们常说生活中的酸甜苦辣(辛酸、幸福、悲苦等),可能是因为情感是很抽象的一个概念,所以想通过味觉概念来形容和解释情感的概念。人类的情感概念通过隐喻的方式来解释,会让人们更容易理解人类情感的抽象概念。目前,已经有很多学者专家,运用概念隐喻理论结合情感进行了大量的研究研究,如：Kovecses在1986年,借助《愤怒、骄傲与爱情隐喻》一书,通过语料分析,总结出爱情隐喻的概念体系(conceptual systems),进一步提出利用典型性(prototype)理论分析、研究人类情感因素的理论。汉越学者关于情感隐喻比较研究十分丰富,可是关于汉越爱情隐喻对比的研究,到目前为止我还没找到相关的文章。 爱情是一个永恒的话题,也是是情感里面最丰富、最有意义的。如果用一年有四个季节：春夏秋冬,来形容爱情的话,爱情是春天。为什么春天是爱情的象征?可能是春天是温暖,不冷也不热,百花盛开,是人们最期望的季节。而爱情这种感觉也是人们最盼望的,也是最美好的,更是最甜美的。因此笔者决定,再进一步,对汉越语爱情隐喻对比进行专门的研究。希望这些研究能够拓宽我们对汉越民族爱情隐喻系统内部机制的认识。再说,我们来讨论汉越语爱情隐喻的语义结构特征,并进一步论证隐喻现象产生的认知理据及其延伸的相关范畴。以期加深汉越两国人民对情感隐喻系统内部机制的认识。 通过对汉越语两种语言中的爱情隐喻进行对比研究后,我们发现,两种语言在使用情感隐喻,尤其爱情隐喻方面既有共性也有一定的差异： 第一是共性：汉越语中常用的基本情感隐喻有很多相同：喜悦是上/高涨、喜悦是温暖、喜悦是液体、喜悦是天气、喜悦是人体部位(心,肚子)、喜悦是光、喜悦是人体变化、喜悦是甜的物质等,尤其是爱情隐喻的共同点是相当多的：爱情是旅程、爱情是战争、爱情是心。(爱情是心脏)、爱情是植物、爱情是容器中的液体、爱情是艺术、爱情是经济经济交换、爱情是人、爱情是人的身体变化、爱情是火,热着火、爱情是山、爱情是水、爱情是病、爱情是发疯、爱情是月、爱情是云雨、爱情是风月、爱情是天气变化、爱情是春天、爱情是神、爱情是味觉、爱情是歌曲、爱情是乐器、爱情是物理力量、爱情是生活用品、爱情是物质的、爱情是结构物、爱情是营养品,爱情是养料、必需品、爱情是宝贵的物品、爱情是生产工具、爱情是农产品、爱情是建筑、爱情是永恒、爱情是金属、爱情是成双成对、爱情是魔幻力量、爱情是成双成对。 第二是差异,一般说来,具有共同生理感知基础的词,在不同语言中也常被赋予不同的文化负载,因而在其能指数量与所指范围方面有时存在着差异①。汉语的例句：大家都说他是阳光男孩。越南语的例句：越南语没有这个说法、乐观情感隐喻。汉语没有这种说法。妻子有了外遇：越南语：Qua tam su cua anh,hoa ra thai nay nhieu quy ong bi cam sung qua.听你的心里话,原来现在很多先生头上被插角。汉语：怀疑年经貌美的妻子给自己戴了绿帽子,心情抑郁的犯罪嫌疑人黄某竟以入室盗窃为发泄方式,并想让妻子跟着他一块儿“倒霉”,目前,黄某已被苍南警方依法刑拘。"Ong Ta Ba Nguyet":丝老先生,月老娘：在“寻找越南文化的本色”的工程,陈玉增认为：在越南,每一个都有对,它们跟着阴阳和谐的原则：Ong d6ng ba cot,女巫,巫公；dong Co dong Cau女和男性的银铃附体；dong Duc6ng,dong Duc Ba巫德先生,巫德老娘,连从国外借来的概念,国外的概念是单独的,可是引进越南都成为一对：在中华,媒介神是“月下老人”,那么进入越南变成‘'Ong To Ba Nguyet'’丝老先生,月老娘。 对汉越语中爱情隐喻进行对比研究后,我们发现：爱情隐喻在汉越语两种语言中并不完全对等。如汉语中的红娘、带绿帽,爱情是围城,越南语中没有对等词,使用的时候只好解释一下或找相关的词来翻译,比如越南语"cam sung"头上被插角跟中国“带绿帽”是有着相同的含义；而现在是爱情隐喻里面的不对等越南语里面常用一些自然现象来隐喻爱情：山和水、天和水汉语统统没有。正是因为这些不对等,所以给第二语言教学和语词翻译增加了一定的难度。
[Abstract]:Metaphor is a hot topic in modern linguistics. The nature of metaphor has been a problem for linguists and philosophers. Since the 1980s, some linguists, such as Lakoff (1987) and Johnson (1987), have put forward the theory of metaphor (Lakoff Turner 1989:203), and people begin to realize the importance of metaphor to human language and cognition. Metaphor is often used to modify discourse, which is a rhetorical phenomenon of language. The cognitive linguistic view is that metaphor can systematically and correspondingly map one domain to another through human cognition and reasoning. Therefore, metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a human cognition. Phenomenon. It is a cognitive activity in which human beings use the experience of one thing to explain or explain the experience of another. Metaphor is ubiquitous. It is a semantic mapping between two different categories of semantic fields'(I.A. Richards, 1994). (Lakoff, 1980) holds that "all languages are metaphorical." Lakoff and Johnson (1981) From this point of view, metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a human thinking phenomenon. This is different from the traditional rhetoric that metaphor is redefined as "metaphorical expression", which is the surface realization of cross-semantic mapping.
Human emotions are the most complex. Most of human emotions are expressed through metaphor. Emotional metaphor belongs to a psychological phenomenon. Emotion is a part of human perception of the external world and exists in all corners of human life. Therefore, it has become a common or eternal phenomenon among all nations in the world. Topic. People often say that life's ups and downs (bitterness, happiness, sorrow, etc.) may be because emotion is a very abstract concept, so we want to use the concept of taste to describe and explain the concept of emotion. Many scholars and experts have done a lot of research on emotion by using conceptual metaphor theory. For example, Kovecses in 1986, with the help of Anger, Pride and Love Metaphor, summarized the conceptual systems of love metaphor through corpus analysis, and further proposed to use prototype theory to study human beings. Chinese and Vietnamese scholars are very rich in the comparative study of affective metaphor, but so far I haven't found any relevant articles on the comparative study of love metaphor between Chinese and Vietnamese.
Love is an eternal topic, but also the richest and most meaningful emotion. If there are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter, to describe love, love is spring. Why is spring the symbol of love? May be spring is warm, not cold or hot, flowers blooming, is the most desired season. It is also the most desirable, the most beautiful and the sweetest. Therefore, the author decides to make a further study on the comparison of Love Metaphors between Chinese and Vietnamese. It further demonstrates the cognitive motivation of metaphorical phenomena and the related categories it extends in order to deepen the understanding of the internal mechanism of emotional metaphor system by the people of Han and Vietnam.
After a comparative study of Love Metaphors in Chinese and Vietnamese, we find that there are similarities and differences in the use of affective metaphors, especially in love metaphors.
The first is the commonness: the basic emotional metaphors commonly used in Chinese and Vietnamese have many similarities: joy is upward / upward, joy is warm, joy is liquid, joy is weather, joy is part of the human body (heart, stomach), joy is light, joy is the body changes, joy is sweet substances, etc., especially the common points of love metaphors are quite a lot: love is Journey, love is war, love is heart. (love is heart), love is plant, love is liquid in container, love is art, love is economic and economic exchange, love is human, love is human body change, love is fire, hot fire, love is mountain, love is water, love is disease, love is madness, love is moon, love is cloud and rain, love is love Wind and moon, love is weather change, love is spring, love is god, love is taste, love is song, love is musical instrument, love is physical force, love is daily necessities, love is material, love is structure, love is nutrients, love is nutrients, necessities, love is precious goods, love is a tool of production, love is agricultural products. Love is architecture, love is eternity, love is metal, love is paired, love is magic power, love is paired.
The second is the difference. Generally speaking, words with a common physiological perception are often given different cultural loads in different languages, so there are sometimes differences in their energy index quantity and referential scope. The wife has an affair: Vietnamese: Qua Tam Su CUA anh, HOA RA Thai nay nhieu Quy ong Bi cam sung qua. Listen to your heart, many gentlemen are now in a corner on their heads. "Ong Ta Ba Nguyet": Mr. Silk, Mrs. Moon: In the "search for the true color of Vietnamese culture" project, Chen Yuzeng believes that in Vietnam, every one has a pair, they follow the principle of harmony between yin and yang: Ong d6ng ba: Cot, witch, wizard; Dong Co Dong Cau female and male silver bell appendage; Dong Duc6ng, Mr. Dong Duc Ba Wizard, Wizard Lao Niang, even borrowed concepts from abroad, foreign concepts are separate, but the introduction of Vietnam has become a pair: in China, the media God is the "old man under the moon", then entering Vietnam into the "Ong To Ba Nguyet'" Mr. silk, month old woman.
After a comparative study of Love Metaphors in Chinese and Vietnamese, we find that love metaphors are not completely equivalent in Chinese and Vietnamese. It has the same meaning as "green hat" in China, and now some natural phenomena are often used in Vietnamese to metaphor love: mountains and waters, heaven and water are not all in Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H44
本文编号：2220185
[Abstract]:Metaphor is a hot topic in modern linguistics. The nature of metaphor has been a problem for linguists and philosophers. Since the 1980s, some linguists, such as Lakoff (1987) and Johnson (1987), have put forward the theory of metaphor (Lakoff Turner 1989:203), and people begin to realize the importance of metaphor to human language and cognition. Metaphor is often used to modify discourse, which is a rhetorical phenomenon of language. The cognitive linguistic view is that metaphor can systematically and correspondingly map one domain to another through human cognition and reasoning. Therefore, metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a human cognition. Phenomenon. It is a cognitive activity in which human beings use the experience of one thing to explain or explain the experience of another. Metaphor is ubiquitous. It is a semantic mapping between two different categories of semantic fields'(I.A. Richards, 1994). (Lakoff, 1980) holds that "all languages are metaphorical." Lakoff and Johnson (1981) From this point of view, metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a human thinking phenomenon. This is different from the traditional rhetoric that metaphor is redefined as "metaphorical expression", which is the surface realization of cross-semantic mapping.
Human emotions are the most complex. Most of human emotions are expressed through metaphor. Emotional metaphor belongs to a psychological phenomenon. Emotion is a part of human perception of the external world and exists in all corners of human life. Therefore, it has become a common or eternal phenomenon among all nations in the world. Topic. People often say that life's ups and downs (bitterness, happiness, sorrow, etc.) may be because emotion is a very abstract concept, so we want to use the concept of taste to describe and explain the concept of emotion. Many scholars and experts have done a lot of research on emotion by using conceptual metaphor theory. For example, Kovecses in 1986, with the help of Anger, Pride and Love Metaphor, summarized the conceptual systems of love metaphor through corpus analysis, and further proposed to use prototype theory to study human beings. Chinese and Vietnamese scholars are very rich in the comparative study of affective metaphor, but so far I haven't found any relevant articles on the comparative study of love metaphor between Chinese and Vietnamese.
Love is an eternal topic, but also the richest and most meaningful emotion. If there are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter, to describe love, love is spring. Why is spring the symbol of love? May be spring is warm, not cold or hot, flowers blooming, is the most desired season. It is also the most desirable, the most beautiful and the sweetest. Therefore, the author decides to make a further study on the comparison of Love Metaphors between Chinese and Vietnamese. It further demonstrates the cognitive motivation of metaphorical phenomena and the related categories it extends in order to deepen the understanding of the internal mechanism of emotional metaphor system by the people of Han and Vietnam.
After a comparative study of Love Metaphors in Chinese and Vietnamese, we find that there are similarities and differences in the use of affective metaphors, especially in love metaphors.
The first is the commonness: the basic emotional metaphors commonly used in Chinese and Vietnamese have many similarities: joy is upward / upward, joy is warm, joy is liquid, joy is weather, joy is part of the human body (heart, stomach), joy is light, joy is the body changes, joy is sweet substances, etc., especially the common points of love metaphors are quite a lot: love is Journey, love is war, love is heart. (love is heart), love is plant, love is liquid in container, love is art, love is economic and economic exchange, love is human, love is human body change, love is fire, hot fire, love is mountain, love is water, love is disease, love is madness, love is moon, love is cloud and rain, love is love Wind and moon, love is weather change, love is spring, love is god, love is taste, love is song, love is musical instrument, love is physical force, love is daily necessities, love is material, love is structure, love is nutrients, love is nutrients, necessities, love is precious goods, love is a tool of production, love is agricultural products. Love is architecture, love is eternity, love is metal, love is paired, love is magic power, love is paired.
The second is the difference. Generally speaking, words with a common physiological perception are often given different cultural loads in different languages, so there are sometimes differences in their energy index quantity and referential scope. The wife has an affair: Vietnamese: Qua Tam Su CUA anh, HOA RA Thai nay nhieu Quy ong Bi cam sung qua. Listen to your heart, many gentlemen are now in a corner on their heads. "Ong Ta Ba Nguyet": Mr. Silk, Mrs. Moon: In the "search for the true color of Vietnamese culture" project, Chen Yuzeng believes that in Vietnam, every one has a pair, they follow the principle of harmony between yin and yang: Ong d6ng ba: Cot, witch, wizard; Dong Co Dong Cau female and male silver bell appendage; Dong Duc6ng, Mr. Dong Duc Ba Wizard, Wizard Lao Niang, even borrowed concepts from abroad, foreign concepts are separate, but the introduction of Vietnam has become a pair: in China, the media God is the "old man under the moon", then entering Vietnam into the "Ong To Ba Nguyet'" Mr. silk, month old woman.
After a comparative study of Love Metaphors in Chinese and Vietnamese, we find that love metaphors are not completely equivalent in Chinese and Vietnamese. It has the same meaning as "green hat" in China, and now some natural phenomena are often used in Vietnamese to metaphor love: mountains and waters, heaven and water are not all in Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H44
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