闽南方言的历史比较及语音构拟
发布时间：2018-09-18 14:55
【摘要】：本研究进行现代闽南方言间的历史音韵比较,应用历史比较法,在语音对应规律的基础上重构原始闽南语,解释原始语到现代闽南方言的演变,总结闽南方言内部的创新演变,并与《切韵》系统做比较,找出处于最早时间层次的对应规律的语素。同时,本文利用“创新特征”、“核心词保留率”和“同音关系”等三个标准建构闽南方言的谱系树。本文还给出了处于最早时间层次的语素的重构形式及其在各方言的表现形式。 本研究的第一步是内部比较,我们建立各个闽南方言之间的语音对应关系数据库,并在此基础上拟测现代各个闽南方言的共同源头,即重构原始闽南语。原始语的重构包括两方面的内容：一是语音对应规律的建立及检验；二是重构原始闽南语,并解释各方言的演变。在建立语音对应规律时突出的问题是“一字多音”这种异读现象,我们尝试提出一种解决方案,即结合词汇条件分析,用不同字音所处的词汇环境的不同来解决这个问题。本文分别从“概率检验”、“文白异读”、“互补的对应规律”及“方言内部的扩散式音变”等四个方面来检验对应规律的性质,并在内部比较的过程中灵活参照《切韵》音系。 本研究的第二步是外部比较,将原始闽南语与《切韵》音系进行比较,一方面找出处于最早时间层次上的对应规律,将处于较晚时间层次的语素加以排除；另一方面可以更加直观地了解原始闽南语的演变。 本研究的第三步是利用“创新特征”、“核心词保留率”和“同音关系”等三个标准进行六个闽南方言的亲缘分群研究。利用“创新特征”所得出的谱系树较为符合移民史的记载。这一步建立在严格的对应以及与《切韵》比较的基础上,以便尽可能排除晚期借用层次对亲缘关系研究的干扰。 本文的贡献有以下四点： 第一,系统地调查了尚未有任何描写材料的潮南胪岗镇方言,详细记录了该方言的声韵调系统及相应的词汇条件。同时,利用现有的五个方言点的材料,建立了六个闽南方言之间的语音对应数据库,为今后大规模的比较研究提供了扎实的语料基础。 第二,在普遍对应、完全对应的严格限制下,本文重构了原始闽南语,通过重构原始语的语音形式解释了原始闽南语到现代六个闽南方言的演变。 第三,本文将原始闽南语与《切韵》音系进行了对比研究,排除了处于晚期对应层次的语素,给出了938个原始闽南语的语素的构拟形式,并选择最早时间层次的语音信息进行闽南方言的亲缘分群研究。第四,本文利用“创新特征”、“核心词保留率”、“同音关系差异率”等三个标准建构了闽南方言的亲缘谱系树,其中,运用18项最早时间层次上的创新特征与高阶100核心词保留率所得出的谱系树一致,澄海、潮南方言为一群,厦门、泉州、漳平、漳州为一群,其中泉州、厦门的关系最近,漳平相对较近,漳州的关系最远。
[Abstract]:This study compares the historical phonology of modern southern Fujian dialects, reconstructs the original southern Fujian Dialect on the basis of the phonetic correspondence law, explains the evolution from the original language to the modern southern Fujian dialect, summarizes the innovative evolution within the southern Fujian dialect, and compares it with the Qieyun system to find out the corresponding law at the earliest time level. At the same time, the pedigree tree of Minnan dialect is constructed by using the three criteria of "innovative features", "retention rate of core words" and "homonymy relationship". The reconstructed form of morpheme at the earliest time level and its representation in various dialects are also given.
The first step of this study is the internal comparison. On this basis, we try to reconstruct the original Minnan dialect, which is the common source of each modern Minnan dialect. The prominent problem in establishing the corresponding rules of pronunciation is the phenomenon of "one word and many pronunciations". We try to put forward a solution, that is, combining with the analysis of vocabulary conditions, we can solve this problem by using different vocabulary environments of different pronunciations. This paper examines the nature of the corresponding laws from four aspects: white reading, complementary corresponding rules and diffuse phonetic changes within dialects, and flexibly refers to the phonology of "Qieyun" in the process of internal comparison.
The second step of this study is to compare the original Minnan dialect with the phonology of Qieyun. On the one hand, we can find out the corresponding rules at the earliest time level and exclude the morphemes at the later time level. On the other hand, we can understand the evolution of the original Minnan dialect more intuitively.
The third step of this study is to use the three criteria of "innovation feature", "core word retention rate" and "homonymy relationship" to study the kinship grouping of six southern Fujian dialects. In order to eliminate the interference from the late borrowing level to the study of kinship.
The contributions of this paper include the following four points:
Firstly, this paper systematically investigates the Mangangzhen dialect in Chaonan without any descriptive materials, and records the phonological system and corresponding vocabulary conditions of the dialect in detail. At the same time, using the existing materials of five dialect points, a phonetic correspondence database between six Minnan dialects is established, which provides a solid foundation for the large-scale comparative study in the future. Corpus based.
Secondly, under the strict restriction of universal correspondence and complete correspondence, this paper reconstructs the original Minnan dialect and explains the evolution from the original Minnan dialect to the six modern Minnan dialects by reconstructing the phonetic forms of the original Minnan dialect.
Thirdly, this paper makes a comparative study of the primitive Minnan dialect and the phonological system of Qieyun, excluding the morphemes at the later corresponding levels, giving out the morpheme construction forms of 938 primitive Minnan dialects, and choosing the earliest phonetic information to study the kinship grouping of Minnan dialects. Three criteria, word retention rate and homonym difference rate, have been used to construct the phylogenetic tree of Minnan dialect. Among them, 18 earliest innovative features at the time level are used to coincide with the phylogenetic tree of the high-order 100-core word retention rate. Chenghai, Chaonan dialect is a group, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangping and Zhangzhou are a group, including Quanzhou and Xiamen. Recently, Zhangping is relatively close, and Zhangzhou has the most distant relationship.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H177.2
本文编号：2248267
[Abstract]:This study compares the historical phonology of modern southern Fujian dialects, reconstructs the original southern Fujian Dialect on the basis of the phonetic correspondence law, explains the evolution from the original language to the modern southern Fujian dialect, summarizes the innovative evolution within the southern Fujian dialect, and compares it with the Qieyun system to find out the corresponding law at the earliest time level. At the same time, the pedigree tree of Minnan dialect is constructed by using the three criteria of "innovative features", "retention rate of core words" and "homonymy relationship". The reconstructed form of morpheme at the earliest time level and its representation in various dialects are also given.
The first step of this study is the internal comparison. On this basis, we try to reconstruct the original Minnan dialect, which is the common source of each modern Minnan dialect. The prominent problem in establishing the corresponding rules of pronunciation is the phenomenon of "one word and many pronunciations". We try to put forward a solution, that is, combining with the analysis of vocabulary conditions, we can solve this problem by using different vocabulary environments of different pronunciations. This paper examines the nature of the corresponding laws from four aspects: white reading, complementary corresponding rules and diffuse phonetic changes within dialects, and flexibly refers to the phonology of "Qieyun" in the process of internal comparison.
The second step of this study is to compare the original Minnan dialect with the phonology of Qieyun. On the one hand, we can find out the corresponding rules at the earliest time level and exclude the morphemes at the later time level. On the other hand, we can understand the evolution of the original Minnan dialect more intuitively.
The third step of this study is to use the three criteria of "innovation feature", "core word retention rate" and "homonymy relationship" to study the kinship grouping of six southern Fujian dialects. In order to eliminate the interference from the late borrowing level to the study of kinship.
The contributions of this paper include the following four points:
Firstly, this paper systematically investigates the Mangangzhen dialect in Chaonan without any descriptive materials, and records the phonological system and corresponding vocabulary conditions of the dialect in detail. At the same time, using the existing materials of five dialect points, a phonetic correspondence database between six Minnan dialects is established, which provides a solid foundation for the large-scale comparative study in the future. Corpus based.
Secondly, under the strict restriction of universal correspondence and complete correspondence, this paper reconstructs the original Minnan dialect and explains the evolution from the original Minnan dialect to the six modern Minnan dialects by reconstructing the phonetic forms of the original Minnan dialect.
Thirdly, this paper makes a comparative study of the primitive Minnan dialect and the phonological system of Qieyun, excluding the morphemes at the later corresponding levels, giving out the morpheme construction forms of 938 primitive Minnan dialects, and choosing the earliest phonetic information to study the kinship grouping of Minnan dialects. Three criteria, word retention rate and homonym difference rate, have been used to construct the phylogenetic tree of Minnan dialect. Among them, 18 earliest innovative features at the time level are used to coincide with the phylogenetic tree of the high-order 100-core word retention rate. Chenghai, Chaonan dialect is a group, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangping and Zhangzhou are a group, including Quanzhou and Xiamen. Recently, Zhangping is relatively close, and Zhangzhou has the most distant relationship.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H177.2
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