光杆名词及（光杆）双名词的句法和语义
发布时间：2018-10-05 13:10
【摘要】：近年来光杆名词短语得到了众多语言学家的广泛研究。双名词及光杆双名词也受到部分语言学家的关注。本文主要尝试从句法和语义的角度对光杆名词短语，双名词短语及光杆双名词短语进行系统的探究。 本文主要提出并解决了以下三个问题： (1)英汉光杆名词，双名词及光杆双名词出现在句子中做论元时它们的相同点和不同点是什么？它们受到的句法限制是什么？ （2）英汉光杆名词，双名词及光杆双名词的语义特征各是什么？是否可以对英汉光杆名词的指称特征给予一个统一的解释？ (3)光杆双名词短语的句法定位是什么？是什么因素决定了不可逆序光杆双名词两个名词之间的固定顺序？ 关于第一个问题，本文通过将英语及汉语中光杆名词，双名词及光杆双名词做论元的例证进行比较，总结了其不同点及相同点。并支持限定词短语假说及Longobardi关于只有限定词短语才可以成为论元的观点，，认为限定词而非名词被认为是整个短语的中心成分，名词则充当限定词的补足语。英语中的复数光杆名词在句法上并不光杆，它们内嵌在一个完整的限定词短语中，中心语为空。因而可以成为论元。双名词短语可以成为论元是因为它们既可以是两个限定词短语的并列，也可以是两个名词短语并列后与限定词的合并。而光杆双名词具有内在复数性，因而类似于复数光杆名词。汉语中名词短语本身就具有论元性，因而它们可以在没有限定词的情况下在句中充当论元而不受限制。 关于光杆名词的语义特征问题，本文主张支持Chierchia的种类指称说，认为英汉光杆名词都统一指称种类。英汉光杆名词短语的语义可以通过借助类转换算子获得统一的解释。关于双名词短语的语义解读问题，我们发现双名词短语出现在句中时谓词的单复数与其语义解读之间存在对应关系。本文通过例证与对比得出结论：单数双名词既可获得分列解读又可获得合并解读，而复数双名词只可获得分裂解读。基于对光杆双名词短语语义的研究，我们认为光杆双名词具有非组合性，光杆双名词整体意义大于两个部分意义之和；光杆双名词单数可以表定指、不定指和类指，而光杆双名词复数可以表示定指和不定指。 我们给出的第三个问题的答案是：光杆双名词是类似复合词的复杂名词；语义因素与音系学因素共同决定了不可逆序光杆双名词的词序。 本文主要研究了光杆名词，双名词及光杆双名词的句法和语义特征，这将对以后研究三者之间更深刻的关系产生重要的影响。
[Abstract]:In recent years, bare noun phrases have been widely studied by many linguists. Double noun and bare pole double noun are also concerned by some linguists. In this paper, we try to make a systematic study of the bare pole noun phrase, the double noun phrase and the bare pole double noun phrase from the syntactic and semantic point of view. This paper puts forward and solves the following three problems: (1) what are the similarities and differences between English and Chinese bare pole nouns, double noun and bare pole double noun when they appear in the sentence as arguments? What are their syntactic constraints? (2) what are the semantic features of English and Chinese bare pole nouns, double nouns and bare pole double nouns? Can we give a unified explanation of the referential characteristics of English and Chinese bare pole nouns? (3) what is the syntactic orientation of bare pole double noun phrases? What determines the fixed order between two nouns of irreversibility? On the first question, this paper compares the arguments of bare pole noun, double noun and bare pole double noun in English and Chinese, and summarizes their differences and similarities. It also supports the hypothesis of determinant phrases and Longobardi's view that only deterministic phrases can become arguments, and that qualifiers, rather than nouns, are regarded as the central components of the whole phrase, while nouns serve as complements to qualifiers. The plural bare pole nouns in English are not syntactically smooth. They are embedded in a complete qualifier phrase, and the central word is empty. Therefore, it can be called argument. Double noun phrases can become arguments because they can be the juxtaposition of two qualifier phrases or the combination of two noun phrases after juxtaposition with qualifiers. And bare pole double noun has the intrinsic plural character, therefore is similar to the plural light pole noun. In Chinese, noun phrases have arguments in themselves, so they can act as arguments in sentences without qualifiers without restriction. With regard to the semantic characteristics of bare pole nouns, this paper advocates to support Chierchia's category reference theory and holds that both English and Chinese bare pole nouns refer to the same category. The semantics of noun phrases in English and Chinese can be interpreted uniformly by using class transformation operator. With regard to the semantic interpretation of double noun phrases, we find that there is a corresponding relationship between the single and complex number of predicates when they appear in a sentence and their semantic interpretation. This paper draws a conclusion by illustration and comparison: the singular double noun can be read separately and combined, while the plural double noun can only get split interpretation. Based on the study of the semantics of bare pole double noun phrase, we think that bare pole double noun has non-combinatorial character, and the whole meaning of bare pole double noun is greater than the sum of the two parts. And the bare pole double noun plural can represent definite and indefinite. The answer to the third question is: bare pole double nouns are complex nouns similar to compound words, and semantic factors and phonological factors together determine the word order of irreversibility light pole double nouns. This paper mainly studies the syntactic and semantic features of bare pole nouns, double nouns and polished double nouns, which will have an important impact on the further study of the relationship between them.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H314
本文编号：2253516
[Abstract]:In recent years, bare noun phrases have been widely studied by many linguists. Double noun and bare pole double noun are also concerned by some linguists. In this paper, we try to make a systematic study of the bare pole noun phrase, the double noun phrase and the bare pole double noun phrase from the syntactic and semantic point of view. This paper puts forward and solves the following three problems: (1) what are the similarities and differences between English and Chinese bare pole nouns, double noun and bare pole double noun when they appear in the sentence as arguments? What are their syntactic constraints? (2) what are the semantic features of English and Chinese bare pole nouns, double nouns and bare pole double nouns? Can we give a unified explanation of the referential characteristics of English and Chinese bare pole nouns? (3) what is the syntactic orientation of bare pole double noun phrases? What determines the fixed order between two nouns of irreversibility? On the first question, this paper compares the arguments of bare pole noun, double noun and bare pole double noun in English and Chinese, and summarizes their differences and similarities. It also supports the hypothesis of determinant phrases and Longobardi's view that only deterministic phrases can become arguments, and that qualifiers, rather than nouns, are regarded as the central components of the whole phrase, while nouns serve as complements to qualifiers. The plural bare pole nouns in English are not syntactically smooth. They are embedded in a complete qualifier phrase, and the central word is empty. Therefore, it can be called argument. Double noun phrases can become arguments because they can be the juxtaposition of two qualifier phrases or the combination of two noun phrases after juxtaposition with qualifiers. And bare pole double noun has the intrinsic plural character, therefore is similar to the plural light pole noun. In Chinese, noun phrases have arguments in themselves, so they can act as arguments in sentences without qualifiers without restriction. With regard to the semantic characteristics of bare pole nouns, this paper advocates to support Chierchia's category reference theory and holds that both English and Chinese bare pole nouns refer to the same category. The semantics of noun phrases in English and Chinese can be interpreted uniformly by using class transformation operator. With regard to the semantic interpretation of double noun phrases, we find that there is a corresponding relationship between the single and complex number of predicates when they appear in a sentence and their semantic interpretation. This paper draws a conclusion by illustration and comparison: the singular double noun can be read separately and combined, while the plural double noun can only get split interpretation. Based on the study of the semantics of bare pole double noun phrase, we think that bare pole double noun has non-combinatorial character, and the whole meaning of bare pole double noun is greater than the sum of the two parts. And the bare pole double noun plural can represent definite and indefinite. The answer to the third question is: bare pole double nouns are complex nouns similar to compound words, and semantic factors and phonological factors together determine the word order of irreversibility light pole double nouns. This paper mainly studies the syntactic and semantic features of bare pole nouns, double nouns and polished double nouns, which will have an important impact on the further study of the relationship between them.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H314
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
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3 刘丹青;;汉语类指成分的语义属性和句法属性[J];中国语文;2002年05期
4 董秀芳;;汉语光杆名词指称特性的历时演变[J];语言研究;2010年01期
本文编号：2253516
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