跨文化交际视野下的汉英寒暄语教学研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 16:27

【摘要】：在汉语交际中，寒暄语是谈话的最初始部分。寒暄语对话话轮是否顺利，影响着会话双方对交谈的态度，进而影响着交际效果。但是，寒暄语却不是如语言知识点那样通过课堂教学就轻松解决的问题。寒暄语没有固定的搭配格式，没有语法，也没有一定的话语规律可循，，但寒暄语却实实在在地是我们在跟异乡文化背景的人进行语言交流时所要面对的第一大问题。如果这个问题解决不好，有可能触碰到对方的敏感话题，跨文化交际很难说是顺利、成功的。由于语言习惯、思维方式、价值观念等方面的差异，对于对汉语和中国文化了解不深的外国留学生来说，面对汉语寒暄语时，往往不知道如何回答或是产生心理上的排斥。因为汉语寒暄语的话题涉及生活中的方方面面，而在母语文化中，某些内容在谈话中是刻意回避的。这样，很容易产生跨文化交际失误，造成留学生汉语交际的不顺利。也是因此，我们觉得有必要在来华外国留学生中开展汉语寒暄语的语用教学。本课题共分为四个部分。第一部分绪论，主要论述选题缘由；第二部分主要分析整理汉英寒暄语在语用中存在的差异，并且回归到汉英两种语言所代表的背景文化中，分析导致汉英寒暄语语用差异的民族文化内涵；第三部分，根据汉英寒暄语存在的语用差异和文化内涵，重点探讨如何通过汉语教学，帮助英语国家留学生尽快学习汉语的寒暄语系统，并结合学习和教学实践，做一份关于汉英语寒暄语课堂教学设计，以期对汉语寒暄语教学有所帮助；第四部分是结语。国内关于汉英寒暄语的研究主要集中在分析二者的语用异同以及文化背景上。本课题的创新之处在于，通过对汉英寒暄语语用异同的整理以及背后深刻文化内涵的分析，结合相关科目的已有理论成果和实践经历，从理论基础、教学原则、教学目的、教学方法等四个方面，通过编写一份具体的教学教案着重探讨如何通过汉语教学帮助英语国家留学生顺利地学习汉语寒暄语，为他们的汉语交际提供一些有益的帮助。同时，也为其他跨文化交际相关因素的教学做探讨，以期找到合适的教学方法。
[Abstract]:In Chinese communication, pleasantries are the initial part of the conversation. Whether the conversational turn is smooth or not influences the attitude of both parties to the conversation and further affects the communicative effect. However, pleasantries are not as easy to solve by classroom teaching as language knowledge points. There is no fixed collocation format, no grammar, no certain rules of discourse, but it is the first problem that we have to face when we communicate with people from different cultural backgrounds. If this problem is not solved properly, it may touch the other side's sensitive topic. Cross-cultural communication is hardly smooth and successful. Because of the differences in language habits, modes of thinking, and values, foreign students who do not understand Chinese and Chinese culture, often do not know how to answer or produce psychological rejection in the face of Chinese pleasantries. Because the topic of Chinese pleasantries involves all aspects of life, in the native culture, some of the content is deliberately avoided in the conversation. In this way, it is easy to cross-cultural communication errors, resulting in foreign students Chinese communication is not smooth. Therefore, we feel that it is necessary to carry out pragmatic teaching of Chinese pleasantries among foreign students in China. This subject is divided into four parts. The first part is the introduction, which mainly discusses the reasons for choosing the topic. The second part mainly analyzes the pragmatic differences between Chinese and English pleasantries, and returns to the background culture represented by the Chinese and English languages. The third part, according to the pragmatic differences and cultural connotations of Chinese and English greetings, focuses on how to teach Chinese. To help foreign students from English countries to learn Chinese as soon as possible, and combined with learning and teaching practice, make a Chinese English greetings classroom teaching design, in order to help the teaching of Chinese greetings; the fourth part is the conclusion. The domestic studies on Chinese and English greetings are mainly focused on the pragmatic similarities and differences between them and their cultural background. The innovation of this subject lies in the analysis of the pragmatic similarities and differences between Chinese and English, as well as the analysis of the profound cultural connotations behind it, combining with the existing theoretical achievements and practical experiences of relevant subjects, from the theoretical basis, the teaching principles, and the teaching purpose. By writing a specific teaching plan, this paper discusses how to help foreign students from English-speaking countries to learn Chinese pleasantries smoothly by writing a specific teaching plan, so as to provide some useful help for their Chinese communication. At the same time, to explore the teaching of other cross-cultural communication related factors in order to find the appropriate teaching methods.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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