英汉特殊疑问句的类型学研究
发布时间：2018-10-16 15:07
【摘要】：特殊疑问句一直是哲学界、逻辑学界以及语言学家长期关注的一个重要问题。在语言学界,很多学者已经对英汉特殊疑问句进行了多方面、多角度的分析。他们对特殊疑问句的研究集中在分类、句法结构、语义及语用功能上 然而,从类型学的角度对特殊疑问句的研究还较少。本文试图从类型学的角度,发掘英汉特殊疑问句的类型学特征,并以原型范畴为理论指导,采用描写与解释相结合、数据统计分析的方法对特殊疑问句进行跨语言分析。本文建立了一个包含44中语言的样品库,涉及SVO、SOV和VSO三种语言类型,其中SVO型语言有20种,SOV型语言有21种,VSO型语言有3种,共有2993句。 本文从三方面来考察英汉特殊疑问句。首先,从句法和语义的角度对英汉特殊疑问句进行分类。其次,从语序和非疑问用法两个方面研究英汉特殊疑问句的蕴涵共性：(1)英汉特殊疑问句语序的蕴涵共性：一般地,特殊疑问句的语序蕴含于该语言所属的语言类型的基本语序；(2)英汉特殊疑问句非疑问用法的蕴涵共性：各语言的特殊疑问句如果可以表示非疑问用法,那么其必定可以表达多于一种形式的非疑问用法。从非疑问用法和有定性两方面考察英汉特殊疑问句的语法等级：(1)非疑问用法的语法等级：虚指反问感叹建议否定任指(从左到右依次降低)；(2)疑问主体有定性的语法等级：有定所指特指所指任指所指(从左到右依次降低)。最后,从认知语言学的角度对所得出的类型学特征进行分析。语言是人类认识世界的外部表征,语言形式与人的认知模式息息相关。原型范畴理论在语言的使用中非常广泛,所以本文运用原型范畴理论对英汉特殊疑问句的类型学特征进行分析。 本研究有助于语言学习者和使用者更了解英汉特殊疑问句的类型学特征,也可以在一定程度上为双语教学、对外汉语教学,二语习得以及英汉互译提供理论上和实践上的支持。
[Abstract]:Special questions have long been an important issue in the field of philosophy, logic and linguists. In the field of linguistics, many scholars have analyzed English and Chinese special questions from many aspects and angles. Their studies on special questions focus on classification, syntactic structure, semantic and pragmatic functions. However, there are few studies on special questions from the perspective of typology. This paper attempts to explore the typological characteristics of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences from the perspective of typology, and take the prototype category as the theoretical guidance, using the method of data statistics and statistical analysis to carry out cross-linguistic analysis of special interrogative sentences under the guidance of prototype category. In this paper, a sample library of 44 languages is established, which involves three language types: SVO,SOV and VSO. There are 20 SVO languages, 21 SOV languages and 3 VSO languages with a total of 2993 sentences. This paper examines English and Chinese special questions from three aspects. First of all, English and Chinese special questions are classified from syntactic and semantic perspectives. Secondly, we study the implication commonness of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences from two aspects of word order and non-interrogative usage: (1) the implicative commonness of word order of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences: generally speaking, The word order of special questions is contained in the basic word order of the language type to which the language belongs; (2) the implicative commonness of non-interrogative usage of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences: if the special interrogative sentences in each language can express the non-interrogative usage, Then it must be able to express more than one form of non-interrogative usage. The grammatical levels of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences are studied from the aspects of non-interrogative usage and qualitative analysis: (1) the grammatical level of non-interrogative usage: the negative reference (from left to right); (2) the interrogative subject has a qualitative grammatical grade: there is a definite reference to any reference (from left to right). Finally, the typological features are analyzed from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. Language is an external representation of human understanding of the world, and language form is closely related to human cognitive model. Prototype category theory is widely used in language, so this paper analyzes the typological characteristics of English and Chinese special questions by using prototype category theory. This study can help language learners and users to better understand the typological characteristics of English and Chinese special questions, and to some extent provide theoretical and practical support for bilingual teaching, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, second language acquisition and English-Chinese translation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H314
本文编号：2274734
[Abstract]:Special questions have long been an important issue in the field of philosophy, logic and linguists. In the field of linguistics, many scholars have analyzed English and Chinese special questions from many aspects and angles. Their studies on special questions focus on classification, syntactic structure, semantic and pragmatic functions. However, there are few studies on special questions from the perspective of typology. This paper attempts to explore the typological characteristics of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences from the perspective of typology, and take the prototype category as the theoretical guidance, using the method of data statistics and statistical analysis to carry out cross-linguistic analysis of special interrogative sentences under the guidance of prototype category. In this paper, a sample library of 44 languages is established, which involves three language types: SVO,SOV and VSO. There are 20 SVO languages, 21 SOV languages and 3 VSO languages with a total of 2993 sentences. This paper examines English and Chinese special questions from three aspects. First of all, English and Chinese special questions are classified from syntactic and semantic perspectives. Secondly, we study the implication commonness of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences from two aspects of word order and non-interrogative usage: (1) the implicative commonness of word order of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences: generally speaking, The word order of special questions is contained in the basic word order of the language type to which the language belongs; (2) the implicative commonness of non-interrogative usage of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences: if the special interrogative sentences in each language can express the non-interrogative usage, Then it must be able to express more than one form of non-interrogative usage. The grammatical levels of English and Chinese special interrogative sentences are studied from the aspects of non-interrogative usage and qualitative analysis: (1) the grammatical level of non-interrogative usage: the negative reference (from left to right); (2) the interrogative subject has a qualitative grammatical grade: there is a definite reference to any reference (from left to right). Finally, the typological features are analyzed from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. Language is an external representation of human understanding of the world, and language form is closely related to human cognitive model. Prototype category theory is widely used in language, so this paper analyzes the typological characteristics of English and Chinese special questions by using prototype category theory. This study can help language learners and users to better understand the typological characteristics of English and Chinese special questions, and to some extent provide theoretical and practical support for bilingual teaching, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, second language acquisition and English-Chinese translation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H314
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