语言的界限与世界的界限—可说与不可说理论之宗教启示探究

发布时间：2018-10-16 17:21

【摘要】：维特根斯坦在《逻辑哲学论》中提出了可说与不可说理论,即语言划分出可说的和不可说的界限。这种可说与不可说的理论的提出既体现了维特根斯坦从语言的界限与世界的界限的角度对于语言与世界的哲学思考,又体现了维特根斯坦在从事哲学研究时对于宗教的关注与焦虑。本文把可说与不可说理论作为维特根斯坦语言哲学的重点,试图通过语言界限与世界界限来理解维特根斯坦的可说不可说理论,理解维特根斯坦对于语言与世界的哲学思想,理解维特根斯坦的宗教焦虑,并试图建立维特根斯坦前后期哲学可能存在的联系。维特根斯坦的哲学通常可以分为前期与后期两个阶段：前期哲学以《逻辑哲学论》为代表；后期哲学以《哲学研究》为代表。众所周知维特根斯坦前后期哲学思想在具体的方面有显著的区别。然而其前后期哲学思想究竟是截然不同还是彼此联系这一问题引人深思。论文的主要观点是：维特根斯坦的可说与不可说理论,除了具有和他语言观和世界观有关的重要意义外,还为他的前后期哲学思想提供了联系。为了确立文章的主要观点,论文首先回顾了维特根斯坦哲学思想的发展历程,对他的生平做了简要介绍,此外还简要回顾近期国内外维特根斯坦的研究现状,尤其是有关可说不可说理论、语言界限和宗教方面的研究状况。其次,论文试图厘清《逻辑哲学论》中的可说与不可说重要概念以便探究维特根斯坦划分可说与不可说的界线,这一界线事实上就是语言界限。论文还提出了对于“我的语言界限就是我世界的界限”的一些见解。在探究可说与不可说理论的宗教意味和宗教含义的过程中我们发现维特根斯坦哲学思想与宗教确实存在有趣的诸多的联系。首先,《逻辑哲学论》分七章与《圣经》中七天创世纪类似；其次,维特根斯坦划出可说与不可说的界线也与宗教有密切联系；最后维特根斯坦在“我的语言界限就是我的世界界限”中的“我”具有行而上学主体的意味,这一主体的力量类似于令人敬畏的上帝意志的力量,不可挑战、不可逾越。
[Abstract]:Wittgenstein put forward the theory of saying and unspeakable in the Theory of logical philosophy, that is, language divides the boundary between utterable and unspeakable. This kind of theory not only reflects Wittgenstein's philosophical thinking about language and the world from the perspective of the boundary between language and the world. It also reflects Wittgenstein's concern and anxiety about religion when he is engaged in philosophical research. This paper focuses on the theory of saying and not saying, and tries to understand Wittgenstein's theory of saying and saying through the boundary of language and the world, and to understand Wittgenstein's philosophy of language and the world. Understanding Wittgenstein's religious anxiety and trying to establish a possible link between Wittgenstein's philosophy. Wittgenstein's philosophy can be divided into two stages: early philosophy represented by logical philosophy and later philosophy represented by philosophical study. It is well known that Wittgenstein's philosophical ideas in the former and later periods have marked differences in specific aspects. However, the question of whether its philosophical thoughts are completely different or connected with each other in the past and later periods is thought-provoking. The main point of this paper is that Wittgenstein's theory of sayability and immutability not only has the important significance related to his view of language and world view but also provides a link for his philosophical thoughts in his later period. In order to establish the main point of view, the thesis reviews the development of Wittgenstein's philosophy, briefly introduces his life, and reviews the recent research situation of Wittgenstein at home and abroad. In particular, research on the theory of unspeakability, linguistic boundaries and religion. Secondly, the thesis tries to clarify the important concepts of saying and unspeakable in logical philosophy in order to explore the boundary between saying and unspeakable in Wittgenstein, which is in fact the boundary of language. The paper also puts forward some opinions about the boundary of my language is the boundary of my world. In the course of exploring the religious meaning and religious meaning of the theory of saying and unspeakable we find that there are many interesting connections between Wittgenstein's philosophy and religion. First of all, the seven chapters of logical philosophy are similar to the Genesis of the Seven days in the Bible. Secondly, Wittgenstein draws the boundary between saying and unspeakable, which is also closely related to religion. Finally, Wittgenstein's "I" in "my language Boundary is my World Boundary" has the meaning of "I" as the subject of school, the force of this subject is similar to the force of the awesome will of God, unassailable and insurmountable.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H0

【共引文献】