现代汉语动词性“至于”句研究

发布时间：2018-10-17 10:41

【摘要】：“至于”是一个使用频率高而且用法比较复杂的词,本文把“至于”位于谓语结构中的句子叫动词性“至于”句并以现代汉语中的动词性“至于”句为研究对象,从语形特点、语义特点以及语用特点三个方面进行全面地分析,总结动词性“至于”句的结构特点并指导其应用。全文由三大部分组成,即引言、主体和结语。引言部分介绍了本文的研究对象、研究思路与方法、研究现状以及语料来源。主体部分分别从语形、语义和语用三个方面对现代汉语动词性“至于”句及其否定形式进行探讨。结语部分对本文的内容进行概括总结并指出了本文的不足之处。现代汉语动词性“至于”句在生活中应用十分广泛,对它进行详细的研究不仅能够提高我们对其结构和功能的认识水平,而且有助于我们更加合理的运用。通过研究我们发现：动词“至于”可以用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句,其中,在陈述句中出现的频率最高。动词“至于”的一个显著的特点就是用于反问句中,在传递信息的同时表达了说话者强烈的感情色彩,多用于口语交际中。“至于”可以用在句首、句中与句末,我们结合其前加成分与后附成分对“至于”的这三种用法分别进行了研究。“至于”的语义特征有状态性、程度性、时间义、量度义和语义虚化,“至于”句的语义类型可以分为两种：一种是发生了某种行为或出现了某种状况——这种行为或状况产生了一种结果——这个结果达到了某种很高的程度——导致了另一行为的发生或者另一状况的出现；另一种是某种现象或情况出现或者发生了——某人对这一现象或情况作出了反应——说话人认为这个反应不合乎常理,因此使用“至于……吗?”反问句式或“至于……嘛!”感叹句式表达自己的不赞同。“至于”句有强调程度功能、焦点回指功能、主观评价功能。动词性“至于”句的最主要的否定形式是“不至于”句。“不至于”能够与连词、副词、助词等共现,可用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句中,但有时界限模糊不易区分。“不至于”句一般表示说话人不希望发生的事情。
[Abstract]:"as" is a word with high frequency and complicated usage, this paper refers to "as to the sentence located in the predicate structure as verb" and "sentence and takes the verb nature in modern Chinese" as the object of study, according to the morphological characteristics of the sentence. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the semantic and pragmatic features, summarizes the structural characteristics of the verb "Zuan" sentence and instructs its application. The thesis consists of three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The introduction introduces the research object, research ideas and methods, research status and corpus sources. The main part probes into the verb "as" sentence and its negative form in modern Chinese from three aspects: form, semantics and pragmatics. The conclusion part summarizes the content of this paper and points out the deficiency of this paper. Modern Chinese verb "as" sentence is widely used in daily life. A detailed study of it can not only improve our understanding of its structure and function, but also help us to use it more reasonably. We find that the verb "as" can be used in declarative sentences, interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences, in which the highest frequency is found in declarative sentences. A prominent feature of the verb "as to" is that it conveys the speaker's strong emotional color while conveying information in rhetorical sentences, and is often used in oral communication. "as" can be used at the beginning, in the sentence and at the end of the sentence. The semantic features of "as for" are stateful, degree, temporal, measurement and semantic nihilization. The semantic types of "as to" sentences can be divided into two categories: one is the occurrence of a certain behavior or a situation that produces an outcome that has reached a certain high level of derivation The occurrence of another act or condition; The other is the occurrence or occurrence of a phenomenon or condition to which a person has reacted and the speaker considers the reaction to be unreasonable and therefore uses "as." "?" Ask the sentence or "as for". " An exclamatory sentence expresses one's disapproval. The sentence has the function of degree of emphasis, the function of focus anaphora and the function of subjective evaluation. The most important form of negation of the verb sentence is "not". "not" can coexist with conjunctions, adverbs, auxiliary words and so on, and can be used in declarative, interrogative and exclamatory sentences, but sometimes the line is blurred. The phrase "unapt" generally means something the speaker does not want to happen.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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