从互动交际视角看非礼貌的娱乐性

发布时间：2018-11-13 06:39

【摘要】：不礼貌现象长期以来被认为是一种会导致不和谐的社会现象，并且最初它被视为一种语用失误现象。近年来，一些学者对不礼貌现象从不同角度多个方面进行了研究。并且，有研究表明不礼貌现象不仅可以用作不礼貌的策略，也会在特定的语境中有一定的积极作用。本文试图运用定性分析的方法，对汉语语境下不礼貌的娱乐性功能进行进一步研究。基于汉语生活剧中不礼貌日常对话，从互动交际的视角，对不礼貌的娱乐性功能从以下三个方面进行了分析：第一，是什么类型的不礼貌产生娱乐性？第二，不礼貌的娱乐性功能是如何体现的？第三，为什么不礼貌会产生娱乐性？研究表明，不礼貌在汉语语境中确实具有娱乐性功能。通过对语料的分析，我们发现，在言语交际中，产生娱乐性的不礼貌既可以是由人们的不恰当行为而引起，也可能是由人们适当的行为而引起，既可以是真诚的也可以是非真诚的，既可以是故意的也可以是非故意的。从对不礼貌的应答方式考虑，无论是保持沉默还是进行反馈，不礼貌都可以产生积极作用。同时，从其结束方式考虑，不礼貌现象的娱乐性功能，既能体现在以一方的屈服或双方达成的妥协而结束的会话中，也能体现在以一方的退出或离开而结束的会话中。此外，不礼貌的娱乐性功能主要是通过说话者、听话者，以及第三方参与者这三个方面体现，即：说话者的表达方式、说话者态度的突然转变；听话者的回复方式、听话者地位的突然转变；以及第三方参与者的反应。然而不礼貌产生娱乐性的原因，归根究底主要体现在个人心理以及语境因素等方面。个体会通过不礼貌来体现人物搞笑、幽默的性格，也会恰当运用不礼貌的娱乐性以调节人际关系或表达某种情感。同时语境在这个过程中也起到至关重要的作用，只有在特定的语境下，特定的知识背景、文化背景、人际关系等因素下，，不礼貌才可能会体现出它的娱乐性功能。该研究不仅提供了对不礼貌现象的一种新的研究角度，也为人们在言语交际中对不礼貌现象的理解有所启示。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of impoliteness has long been regarded as a kind of social phenomenon which can lead to disharmony, and at first it is regarded as a phenomenon of pragmatic failure. In recent years, some scholars have studied the phenomenon of impoliteness from different angles. Moreover, some studies have shown that the phenomenon of impoliteness can not only be used as a strategy of impoliteness, but also play a positive role in a specific context. This paper attempts to use qualitative analysis to further study the entertaining function of impoliteness in Chinese context. Based on the daily conversation of impoliteness in Chinese life drama, from the perspective of interactive communication, this paper analyzes the entertainment function of impoliteness from the following three aspects: first, what type of impoliteness produces entertainment? Second, how does the entertainment function of impoliteness reflect? Third, why is impoliteness entertaining? The research shows that impoliteness does have entertaining function in Chinese context. Through the analysis of the corpus, we find that in verbal communication, entertainment impoliteness can be caused either by people's inappropriate behavior or by people's proper behavior. It can be either sincere or non-sincere, either intentional or unintentional. Considering the response to impoliteness, impoliteness can play a positive role, whether it is silence or feedback. At the same time, the entertainment function of impoliteness can be reflected not only in the conversation that ends with one side's submission or the compromise reached between the two sides, but also in the conversation that ends with one party's withdrawal or leaving. In addition, the entertainment function of impoliteness is mainly reflected by the speaker, the hearer and the third party participant, that is, the expression of the speaker and the sudden change of the speaker's attitude; The way hearers respond, the sudden shift in the hearer's status, and the reactions of third-party participants. However, the reasons of impoliteness are mainly reflected in personal psychology and contextual factors. The individual will reflect the funny and humorous character through impoliteness, and use impolite entertainment to regulate the interpersonal relationship or express some kind of emotion. Context also plays an important role in this process. Only in the specific context, specific knowledge background, cultural background, interpersonal relationship and other factors, impoliteness may reflect its entertainment function. This study not only provides a new perspective on the phenomenon of impoliteness, but also enlightens the understanding of impoliteness in verbal communication.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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