外向型汉语词典释义特征考察

发布时间：2018-11-14 16:51

【摘要】：对两部外向型汉语词典与两部内向型汉语词典的释义进行抽样对比,针对词典的释义情况进行问卷调查,抽样对比结果发现,与内向型词典相比,外向型汉语词典在释义上有以下特点:(1)释义用词方面,注意控制用词的等级和数量,释义比较浅显;(2)在释义内容方面,关注非汉语母语者的需求,释义内容增加了词语用法解释和词语辨析;(3)在释义方法上,主要采用"解释性释义"和"解释性释义+词语释义"的方法,很少采用单纯的"词语释义";(4)在释义用例方面,用例数量多,且多用整句例。问卷调查结果发现,外国学生和中国学生对外向型汉语词典的实用性评价均高于内向型词典。但是,从释义语言难度的调查结果看,外向型词典在释义难度上只是略低于内向型词典,可见在释义语言难度的控制方面,外向型词典还有需要完善之处。
[Abstract]:This paper makes a sampling comparison between the two extroverted Chinese dictionaries and the two introverted Chinese dictionaries, and makes a questionnaire survey on the interpretation of the dictionaries. The result of the sampling comparison shows that, compared with the introverted Chinese dictionaries, The extroverted Chinese dictionary has the following characteristics in terms of interpretation: (1) attention should be paid to the control of the level and quantity of the words used in the interpretation, which is relatively simple; (2) in terms of interpretation content, attention is paid to the needs of non-native Chinese speakers. (3) in terms of interpretation methods, the methods of "interpretation" and "interpretation of words" are mainly adopted, and only "word interpretation" is rarely used; (4) in terms of interpretation cases, the number of use cases is large, and the whole sentence example is often used. The results show that both foreign students and Chinese students evaluate the practicability of extroverted Chinese dictionaries higher than that of introverted Chinese dictionaries. However, from the results of the survey on the difficulty of interpreting language, the difficulty of extroverted dictionary is only slightly lower than that of introverted dictionary, so it is necessary to perfect extroverted dictionary in the aspect of controlling the difficulty of interpretation language.
【作者单位】：中山大学国际汉语学院;
【分类号】：H164

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