现代汉语词典“文言词语”动词研究

发布时间：2018-12-19 09:06

【摘要】：动词是句子的核心,历来汉语学界对汉语动词的研究都很重视。近年来对新词新义的研究逐渐成为热点,而含义古奥的文言词语却受到冷落。本文以《现代汉语词典》第5版中标记“书)”的动词为研究对象,全面考察这部分动词的特点。本文首先简要介绍选题的缘由,回顾本课题的研究现状,说明研究本课题的目的和必要性,介绍论文的语料来源、研究方法和结构安排。其次从总量和性质上对标书)动词作简要概括。确定标书)动词的总量。系统回顾先贤学者对“古语词”、“文言词”、“历史词”等概念的论争,梳理各家对现代汉语保留部分书面上的文言词语的名称、性质特点的认识,整理重要的现代汉语教材对这部分词语的介绍情况,提出自己的观点。第三,从多个角度分析标书)动词的性质特点,并总结规律。考察的侧重点包括：标书)动词的结构特点；语体风格和表述内容对该类动词使用情况的限制；该类动词从古代汉语保留到现代汉语中,今天仍然活跃的部分体现了中国传统文化的哪些特点；部分标书)动词在义项的使用活跃程度上体现出严重的不平衡性。第四,统计了标书)动词的使用频率。依据北大语料库中搜索出的结果条目数,将标书)动词分出高频词、中频词、低频词和无生命力词。第五,介绍考察结果对语言应用的启示意义。一方面介绍频率等级对辞书编纂过程中选词范围的启示,建议对当下完全没有生命力的标书)动词予以删除,不再收录；另一方面介绍标书)动词体现出的文化特点对汉语动词教学的启示,建议动词教学依据动词的实际使用频率划定标书)动词的教学范围,并探讨恰当使用标书)动词需要注意的问题。最后是结语,简要总结本文的研究内容和不足之处。
[Abstract]:Verbs are the core of sentences, Chinese scholars have always attached great importance to the study of Chinese verbs. In recent years, the research on the new meaning of new words has gradually become a hot spot, but ancient classical Chinese words have been neglected. Taking the verbs marked "Book" in the 5th edition of the Modern Chinese Dictionary as the object of study, this paper makes a comprehensive investigation of the characteristics of these verbs. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the reason of choosing the topic, reviews the research status quo of this topic, explains the purpose and necessity of the research, introduces the source of the corpus, the research method and the structure arrangement of the thesis. Secondly, a brief summary of the verb is given in terms of the total amount and nature of the tender. Determine the total number of verbs in the tender. This paper systematically reviews the arguments of ancient Chinese words, classical Chinese words, historical words, and so on, and sorts out the understanding of the names and nature characteristics of the classical Chinese words reserved in writing in modern Chinese. The introduction of these words in the important modern Chinese textbooks is summarized, and their own views are put forward. Third, analyze the nature of the verb from many angles, and summarize the law. The emphasis of the study includes: the structural characteristics of the verb, the restrictions on the use of the verb by the style and the content of the style; From ancient Chinese to modern Chinese, some of the verbs still active today reflect the characteristics of Chinese traditional culture; part of the tender document) the use of the meaning of the active degree of the verb reflects a serious imbalance. Fourth, the frequency of use of the verb is counted. According to the number of result items searched in the corpus of Peking University, the verb is divided into high frequency word, middle frequency word, low frequency word and inanimate word. Fifth, it introduces the significance of the findings to the application of language. On the one hand, it introduces the inspiration of frequency level to the scope of word selection in the process of compiling dictionaries, and suggests that the verbs that are completely lifeless at present should be deleted and no longer included; On the other hand, it introduces the enlightenment of the cultural characteristics of the verbs to the teaching of Chinese verbs, and suggests that the teaching of the verbs should be defined according to the actual frequency of the use of the verbs. This paper also discusses the problems that need to be paid attention to in the proper use of the tender) verb. Finally, the conclusion summarizes the research content and deficiency of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H14

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