基于话轮转换理论的韩国中级汉语口语课堂交际活动研究

发布时间：2019-03-11 20:15

【摘要】：口语课堂是教师利用会话交际活动培养学生语言交际能力的重要场所，在课堂中组织学生参与各种类型的语言交际活动对促进语言输出起着至关重要的作用。《对外汉语教学中高级阶段课程规范》明确指出，中级阶段要将学生内化的语言规则转化为社会交际能力。然而，目前普遍存在的情况是中级汉语口语课堂的话轮支配权掌握在教师手里，并没有为学习者提供较多的运用目的语进行交际的机会，学生通过自由竞争获取发言权的机会不多，学生开口机会不均等，阻碍了一部分表达行为的进行和潜在的口语交际欲望。如果在课堂交际活动中能够形成有效的机制，巧妙实现话轮的高频、合理转换，照顾到更多的学习者，让其参与进来，分享交际机会，这样可以有效提高整体口语水平和个人的交际能力。本文的研究从话轮转换的角度，聚焦于韩国中级汉语口语课堂，对课堂交际活动进行了一番解构。对活动中参与者的语料进行归类分析，对活动的内容、时间、组织形式的有关数据进行统计，旨在揭示韩国中级汉语口语课堂交际活动中话轮转换的机制及话轮转换与相关因素的作用与影响。研究通过改善教师提问方式、组织小组活动等方式增加话轮转换的形式与频率，丰富话轮转换的分配方式，达到让更多学生分享开口机会，，有效参与课堂活动的目的。为教师今后在口语课上开展有效活动提供参考和建议。本文的结构共分为五个部分：第一章：绪论部分。介绍本文的选题缘起和研究意义，对所涉及的会话分析中话轮转换的研究现状及课堂交际活动国内外学者的主要观点，做了一次梳理。同时解释了本文的研究方法。第二章：理论基础部分。分别对会话分析理论、话轮转换理论和课堂交际活动理论进行了阐明，为后文的研究打下了坚实的理论基础。第三章：研究设计部分。针对本文选取的特定的调查对象制定了相应的调查方法，并且利用科学的研究工具，对调查所获得的语料、数据进行周密合理的分析，以保证研究结论的准确性和科学性。第四章：对研究结果的分析部分。通过对调查所获的语料分析，建立统计数据，对话轮转换机制及与话轮转换相关的因素进行分析和解释。第五章：结论部分。对研究结果进行总结，并对教师的课堂教学提出合理化建议。最后指出本文的创新之处同时客观审视研究的局限。
[Abstract]:Oral English classroom is an important place for teachers to make use of communicative activities to cultivate students' communicative competence. Organizing students to participate in various types of language communication activities in the classroom plays a vital role in promoting language output. The Curriculum Standard for the Middle and Advanced stages of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign language (TCFL) clearly points out that: In the intermediate stage, students' internalized language rules should be transformed into social communicative competence. However, at present, the prevailing situation is that the control of the turn of speech in the spoken Chinese classroom is in the hands of teachers, which does not provide learners with more opportunities to use the target language for communication. There are few opportunities for students to gain a voice through free competition. The unequal opportunities for students to speak hinder part of the behavior of expression and the potential desire for oral communication. If the effective mechanism can be formed in the classroom communication activities, the high frequency of the turn can be realized skillfully, the reasonable conversion, take care of more learners, let them participate in and share the communication opportunities. This can effectively improve the overall level of oral English and individual communicative competence. From the angle of turn-over, this paper focuses on Korean intermediate spoken Chinese classroom and deconstructs classroom communication activities. Classify and analyze the corpus of the participants in the activity, and make statistics on the content, time and organizational form of the activity. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the mechanism of turn-switching and the role and influence of turn-switching and related factors in the communicative activities of Korean intermediate spoken Chinese classroom. Through improving the way of teachers asking questions, organizing group activities and other ways to increase the form and frequency of turn-switching, enrich the distribution of turn-switching, so as to enable more students to share the opening opportunities and effectively participate in classroom activities. Provide references and suggestions for teachers to carry out effective activities in oral English class in the future. The structure of this paper is divided into five parts: chapter one: introduction. This paper introduces the origin and significance of the topic selection, and gives a review of the current situation of the research on turn-switching in conversational analysis and the main points of view of domestic and foreign scholars in classroom communication activities. At the same time, the research method of this paper is explained. The second chapter: the theoretical foundation part. It clarifies the conversational analysis theory, turn-switching theory and classroom communicative activity theory respectively, which lays a solid theoretical foundation for the later research. Chapter three: the part of research and design. In order to ensure the accuracy and scientificity of the research conclusion, the corresponding investigation methods are formulated according to the specific investigation objects selected in this paper, and the language data and data obtained from the investigation are carefully and reasonably analyzed by using scientific research tools. Chapter four: the analysis of the research results. Through the analysis of the corpus obtained from the survey, the statistical data, the mechanism of the turn-over and the factors related to the turn-over are analyzed and explained. Chapter V: conclusion. This paper summarizes the research results and puts forward some reasonable suggestions for teachers' classroom teaching. Finally, the paper points out the innovation of this paper while objectively examining the limitations of the study.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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