魏晋南北朝汉字的特征及规律

发布时间：2019-03-30 12:46

【摘要】：文章试图修正历史上对魏晋南北朝汉字的片面性、主观性消极评价,认为魏晋南北朝是汉字形体转变的重要阶段,隶书嬗变、楷书形成、行书伴随发展,构成其基本面貌,在汉字史上具有重要意义。并利用出土文献用字,归纳出该时期汉字的特征及规律:理性造字与非理性造字兼存,以保持理据为主流;渐变与定型共现,渐变过程复杂;趋简与增繁并行,以趋简为主;字体改变,文字结构遵从平衡原则;趋奇求异的心理支配和汉字线条艺术的审美倾向对文字的影响;以义会意造字方法占主导地位,假借衰落,楷书含隶韵,众体相杂等时代表征;文字符号具有系统性。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to revise the one-sided and subjective negative evaluation of Chinese characters in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, and holds that the Wei-Jin-Southern-Northern dynasties is an important stage in the transformation of the shape of Chinese characters. The evolution of the official script, the formation of the regular script, and the development of the execution of the script constitute its basic appearance. It is of great significance in the history of Chinese characters. By using the unearthed characters in literature, the characteristics and rules of Chinese characters in this period are summarized as follows: rational character-making and irrational character-making, keeping motivation as the mainstream, gradual change and stereotyping co-existing, gradual process complicated, simplification and complexity parallel, mainly simplification; The character structure obeys the balance principle, the psychological domination of the strange seeking difference and the influence of the aesthetic tendency of the Chinese character line art on the character; The method of making characters with meaning is dominant, assuming decline, regular script contains official rhyme, and many characters are mixed, etc. The symbol of characters has the characteristics of systematicness.
【作者单位】：西南大学汉语言文献研究所;
【基金】：教育部人文社科项目“魏晋南北朝汉字史研究”(10YJA740072)
【分类号】：H12

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