介词悬空的作用

发布时间：2019-05-16 12:23

【摘要】：介词悬空是近年来国内外语法研究的一个热点议题。汉语介词可不可以许悬空？如果可以，悬空之后介词的性质和功能会发生怎样的变化？为了更清楚地了解这些问题，我们将进行研究。本文主要介绍了介词悬空的性质和动因，与介词悬空密切相关的语法化现象，如词汇化、关联化、标记化、情状化。第一章，主要介绍介词悬空的性质和动因。介词悬空，是指介词宾语没有直接紧跟于介词而是出现句子或语境的其他位置，介词是以悬置的方式出现的。介词悬空的动因主要是语言的经济原则，还有语义凸显原则、韵律和谐原则、结构匀整原则。第二章，主要介绍介词悬空引起的词汇化问题。介词的语法化或词汇化现象不一定是由介词悬空所引起的，但介词悬空却是一系列语法化问题产生的动因。例如“从来、以及、据说、按说”等，都经历了介词悬空的过程。第三章，主要介绍介词悬空引起的关联化问题。有些介词在悬空之后表现出明显的关联功能，具体来说有两种情况。一种情况是因介词悬空介词逐渐变成连词，如“以、用、以及、以便”等；另一种情况是由于介词悬空介词与其紧邻成分逐渐变成兼表关联的副词，如“据说、按说”等。第四章，主要介绍介词悬空引起的标记化问题。有些介词在悬空之后，介引功能逐渐消失，慢慢开始演变为功能标记，如“给”、“被”、“叫”、“让”。第五章，主要介绍介词悬空引起的情状化问题。有些介词在悬空之后摹状性增强，，能够表现人的主观情态，比如“据说、按说、论说”等。
[Abstract]:Preposition suspension is a hot topic in grammar research at home and abroad in recent years. Can Chinese prepositions be allowed to be suspended? If so, what will happen to the nature and function of the preposition after it is suspended? In order to understand these problems more clearly, we will study them. This paper mainly introduces the nature and motivation of preposition suspension, and the grammaticalization phenomena closely related to preposition suspension, such as lexicalization, relevance, marketization and modality. The first chapter mainly introduces the nature and motivation of preposition suspension. The preposition is suspended, which means that the preposition object does not follow the preposition directly, but the other position of the sentence or context, and the preposition appears in the form of suspension. The motivation of preposition suspension is mainly the economic principle of language, as well as the principle of semantic prominence, the principle of rhythmic harmony and the principle of structural uniformity. The second chapter mainly introduces the lexicalization caused by the suspension of prepositions. The grammaticalization or lexicalization of prepositions is not necessarily caused by the suspension of prepositions, but the suspension of prepositions is the motivation of a series of grammaticalization problems. For example, "always, as well as, it is said," and so on, have gone through the process of suspending the preposition. The third chapter mainly introduces the relevance caused by the suspension of prepositions. Some prepositions show obvious relevance after suspension, specifically in two cases. One case is that the preposition suspending preposition gradually becomes a conjunction, such as "to, use, and, in order to", etc., the other is that the preposition suspending preposition and its immediate adjacent components gradually become adverbs associated with each other, such as "it is said that the preposition is said to be relevant to the table," and so on. The fourth chapter mainly introduces the marketization caused by the suspension of prepositions. After some prepositions are suspended, the preposition function gradually disappears and slowly begins to evolve into functional markers, such as "give", "be", "call", "let". The fifth chapter mainly introduces the situation caused by the suspension of prepositions. Some prepositions are more descriptive after hanging, and can express people's subjective modality, such as "it is said that, according to the saying, the theory" and so on.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146.2

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