孟子“处士横议”说考辨——兼论孟子的语言伦理

发布时间：2018-02-12 21:49

  本文关键词： 处士 隐士 横议 善言 知言　出处：《史学月刊》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：批判"处士横议"是孟子人生中的大举措,然而当代学者对处士身份的认识并不统一,有学者将处士释为"有才德而隐居不仕之人"。这一解释不仅违背战国史实,也消解了孟子批判"处士横议"的合理性。孟子以"善言"为标准,以立言行仁为主旨,以"知言"为前提,评判战国处士言说,断以"横议",折射出其注重道德功用的语言伦理,既要求言说者的言语行为要担负一定的社会道义责任,接受公众道德规范的制约,也强调接受主体的话语理解须有道义责任的约束。
[Abstract]:It is a great move in Mencius' life to criticize "the discussion of a scholar". However, contemporary scholars do not have a unified understanding of the status of a scholar. Some scholars interpret a scholar as "a person who has talent and virtue and is not reclusive." this explanation is not only against the historical facts of the warring States period, but also against the historical facts of the warring States period. Mencius also dispelled the rationality of Mencius' criticism of "the unruly discussion of Virtue". Mencius took "good words" as the standard, took words and deeds as the main purpose, and "know the words" as the premise to judge the speech of the scholars in the warring States period. The conclusion of "horizontal discussion" reflects the linguistic ethics which emphasizes the moral function, which requires the speech act of the speaker to bear a certain social moral responsibility and accept the restriction of the public moral standard. It also emphasizes that the discourse understanding of the subject must be bound by moral obligation.
【作者单位】： 陕西师范大学文学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国孟学史研究”(11AZD051)
【分类号】：B222.5;H0-05
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本文编号：1506637