从双层词类范畴化理论看现代汉语自指词项的兼类问题

发布时间：2018-03-09 12:25

本文选题：现代汉语　切入点：兼类　出处：《外国语文》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在现代汉语语法和词典研究中,概括词的兼类问题最为棘手,其中具有自指用法的概括词兼类问题尤甚。主流观点坚持兼类要尽可能少的“简约原则”,把分析语普遍存在的概括词语法多功能现象视为汉语特有的词类多功能现象,从而造成汉语词类“类无定职”的困境。从双层词类范畴化理论视角分析,发现上述观点已对现代汉语词典的词类标注和现代汉语语料库的词性标注产生消极影响:现代汉语词典中兼类词条的数量被人为减少,造成现代汉语兼类现象远远少于现代英语的假象;对于规约化自指用法的表征,具有对称语义关系的词条在同一部词典中的词类标注自相矛盾、在不同词典之间相互矛盾的现象突出。因此,取消自指词项兼类禁令是解决汉语词类问题的重要出路。
[Abstract]:In the study of modern Chinese grammar and dictionary, the problem of generality is the most difficult. Among them, the problem of generality with self-directed usage is especially serious. The mainstream view insists on the "minimalism principle" of the minimization as far as possible, and regards the multifunctional phenomenon of generalwords and expressions as the special multi-functional phenomenon of part of speech, which is unique to the Chinese language. Therefore, it causes the dilemma of Chinese part of speech category "no assignment". From the perspective of the theory of categorization of two-layer parts of speech, It is found that the above views have had a negative impact on the tagging of parts of speech in modern Chinese dictionaries and on the tagging of parts of speech in modern Chinese corpus: the number of concurrent entries in modern Chinese dictionaries has been artificially reduced. The phenomenon of concurrent category in modern Chinese is far less than the false appearance of modern English. For the representation of stereotyped self-referential usage, the words with symmetric semantic relation are contradictory in the same dictionary. Therefore, it is an important way to solve the problem of Chinese part of speech by canceling the ban on the category of self-referential words.
【作者单位】：四川外国语大学研究生院;清华大学计算机科学与技术系;
【分类号】：H146

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