普通话—粤方言徒手动词语义系统比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 16:20

本文选题：普通话　切入点：粤方言　出处：《贵州师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文由三章组成,为“普-方”徒手行为动词分类比较;“普-方”徒手动词义位派生个案比较分析;从徒手动词语义系统比较看通语对方言的影响。第一章,依据义位的标准,对普通话与粤方言的徒手动作范畴进行分类:“持拿”、“脱手”、“获得”、“碰撞”、“致果”五类徒手动词。差异表现在义位的语义辖区、多样对应情况、组合搭配等方面;相近之处表现在义位的重合、转译表达等方面。这表明,普通话和粤方言既有共同的认知语义划分,又存在各自相对离散的语义场。第二章,主要对比普通话和粤方言在“抓拿”、“拾取”、“拉扯”等义位群的引申义项。其一,个案义位的共时引申现状,探悉该动作发展不一或受限于系统的引申情况。其二,把握引申方向,预测和验证其引申节点,补充词典释义。展现了汉语社团的认知同一性和地域独特性。第三章讨论了普通话对粤方言的渗透、影响模式,具体表现为增加义项或义位。同时透过两部辞书编排情况,呈现为构词语素和非构词语素,勾勒出普通话对方言穗、港两地变体的渗透呈现的时空过渡状态。最后,从该影响模式角度指出,“推普”政策的疏漏之处,实施“推普”应该遵循语言(方言)间自然渗透的客观规律。从而为国家语言规划政策提供语言理论上的参考。
[Abstract]:This paper is composed of three chapters, which are the classification and comparison of freehand action verbs of "Pu-Fang", the comparative analysis of the cases of "Pu-fang" and the derivation of manual lexical words, the comparison of the semantic system of freehand verbs and the influence of Tongyu on dialects. Chapter one, according to the standard of sememes, This paper classifies the category of bare hand action between Putonghua and Guangdong dialect: "holding hand", "releasing hand", "obtaining", "collision", "fruit". The differences are manifested in the semantic jurisdiction of the sememe, various corresponding situations, combination and collocation, etc. This indicates that both Mandarin and Cantonese have both common cognitive semantic division and relatively discrete semantic fields. This paper mainly compares Putonghua and Guangdong dialect in terms of "grab", "pick up", "pull" and so on. First, the synchronic extension of the case, and find out whether the action is different or limited by the extension of the system. Grasp the direction of extension, predict and verify the extension node, supplement the interpretation of the dictionary, show the cognitive identity and geographical uniqueness of the Chinese community. Chapter three discusses the penetration and influence mode of Putonghua on the Cantonese dialect. At the same time, through the arrangement of two dictionaries, it presents the morpheme of word formation and the morpheme of non-word-formation, which outlines the temporal and spatial transition of the penetration of Putonghua to the panorama of dialect and the variants of Hong Kong and Hong Kong. Finally, From the point of view of the influence mode, it is pointed out that the implementation of "Twitter" should follow the objective law of natural infiltration between languages (dialects), thus providing a linguistic theoretical reference for the national language planning policy.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H178;H146.2

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