关于通感句的中日对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 19:17

本文选题：通感句　切入点：中日对译语料库　出处：《中央民族大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：众所周知,通常提到的五感,即指触觉、味觉、嗅觉、视觉和听觉。通感在语言学范畴中的含义是:用原本属于A感官领域的表达去描述B感官领域。汉语中通常把通感分为通感词、通感词组和通感句三种形式。通感词指的是"沉静"这种以词为单位的词语;通感词组包括"形容词+名词"(如:甜甜的微笑)和"动词+宾语"(如:闻到香味)等;通感句是指"微风过处,送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的"这种以句子为单位的形式。本文主要以通感句为考察对象。从日语和汉语中关于通感的先行研究中发现,以词组这一形式为研究对象的论文很多,其中以形容词为焦点,对"尖锐的香味"、"柔和的光泽"这种"形容词+名词"形式的词组考察最多。除了形容词之外,也有对动词词组和拟声拟态词中的通感表现的相关研究,但是对以句子为单位的通感表现分析较少。因此本论文主要以通感句为研究对象。由于通感句一般出现在文学作品中,本文以中日对译语料库、比喻表现词典中出现的文学作品以及一些使用通感较多的典型作家作品为用例来源,将用例按照五感分为五小部分,每一部分都从通过何种生成机制使得哪两种或者多种感觉之间产生了互通,最后画出方向性体系图,通过分析得出以下结论。1.关于通感方向性,中日共同点主要有以下几点。汉语和日语的通感方向性整体上都符合山梨(1988)提出的从低级感官到高级感官的单方向性假说。证明了听觉是比视觉更高一级的感官。汉语和日语中都存在逆方向性的反例。2.关于方向性的不同点,日语中的通感等级分布由高级到低级是:听觉、视觉、嗅觉、触觉、味觉;汉语是听觉、视觉、触觉、嗅觉、味觉。日语中特有的通感表现是嗅觉→触觉和视觉→味觉;汉语中特有的是味觉→嗅觉。关于违背方向性假说的反例,日语中的反例占总数的25%,汉语占23%,这比文献综述中的17%这一结论略高。3.在生成机制方面主要运用了隐喻和换喻两个原理来解释。汉日语中都是隐喻的使用更广泛。在中国的文学作品中,以嗅觉为原感觉的通感句子中用到的换喻较多,而在日本文学作品中以视觉为原感觉的通感句中使用换喻较多。
[Abstract]:As we all know, the five senses commonly referred to refer to the sense of touch, taste, smell, Sense of sight and hearing. Synaesthesia in the context of linguistics means: to describe the field of B sense with expressions originally belonging to the realm of A senses. In Chinese synaesthesia is usually divided into synaesthesia words. Synaesthesia words refer to "silence", which is a word based on words, and synaesthesia phrases include "adjective nouns" (such as sweet smile) and "verb objects" (such as smelling fragrance). Synaesthesia means "the breeze passes by and brings a wisp of fragrance," As if the distant tall building on the dim song "this form of sentence as the unit. This article mainly take synaesthesia sentence as the object of investigation." from the Japanese and Chinese on synaesthesia in the first research found, There are a lot of papers on the form of phrase, among which the focus is on adjectives, and most of them are "sharp fragrance", "soft gloss", "adjective noun". There are also some studies on synaesthesia in verb phrases and onomatopoeias, but there is little analysis of synaesthesia in sentence units. Therefore, this thesis mainly focuses on synaesthesia sentences. As synaesthesia sentences generally appear in literary works, Based on the Chinese and Japanese translation corpus, literary works in the figurative performance dictionary and the works of some typical writers with more synesthesia, the use cases are divided into five small parts according to the five senses. Each part creates interworking between two or more sensations through what generation mechanism, and draws a directional system diagram, and draws the following conclusion by analysis. 1. About synaesthesia directionality, The Chinese and Japanese synaesthesia directionality in general accords with Yamanashi's hypothesis of unidirectionality from the lower sense to the higher sense, which proves that hearing is a higher sense than vision. There are counterexample of inverse directionality in Chinese and Japanese. The level of synaesthesia in Japanese is from high to low: hearing, vision, smell, touch, taste; Chinese is hearing, vision, touch, smell, taste. 鈫扵ouch and vision. 鈫扵aste; in Chinese it is unique to taste. 鈫扴ense of smell. A counterexample of a violation of the directionality hypothesis, The counterexample in Japanese accounts for 25% of the total, and Chinese 23%, which is slightly higher than the conclusion of 17% in the literature review. 3. Metaphor and metonymy are mainly used to explain the generative mechanism. Both Chinese and Japanese are more widely used in metaphor. In Chinese literature, Metonymy is more used in synaesthesia sentences with sense of smell than in synaesthesia sentences with visual sense in Japanese literature.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3;H36

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