歇后语的拓扑解析

发布时间：2018-04-05 14:22

本文选题：拓扑　切入点：同一　出处：《哈尔滨理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：歇后语作为中国传统语言现象及习语之一,一直备受语言学研究的瞩目。歇后语以其独特的幽默、曲折的风格实现间接性语言表达,完成交际功能,且广泛存在于社会生活的各个领域,同时作为一种与直接语相对应的语言表征替代现象而存留至今。以往歇后语的研究多集中在其分类、结构、语义、语用等方面,尽管所收货的成果为歇后语及语言研究提供了宝贵的借鉴价值,但是从其运作机理、程序和步骤等角度作出的解读却寥寥无几。歇后语结构的修辞研究颇多,认知机理解读却少,这正是本文要解决的问题和有别于他人的地方。本文从认知语用角度,借几何学拓扑理论,提出歇后语的拓扑属性操作模式,指出歇后语具有“同一”(identity)的推理结果和“同化”(assimilation)的推理过程。拓扑学是数学领域中隶属于几何学的一个重要的分支学科,主要研究方向为几何图形的连续性质。而拓扑性质可以通俗理解为几何图形经过多次改变但保持始终不变的性质。歇后语在其实际表达应用过程中也遵循着变化中的不变这一规律。因此,本文尝试性地在认知语言学的基础上,通过心智哲学视角对歇后语的拓扑性质进行创新性分析和解读。歇后语的本体和喻体意义的生成和解读绝非借助某一个单一认知机制就可解释清楚,更需要认知与心智哲学及其他学科的协调与整合来完成。本文以几何学理论一拓扑理论为纲领,以认知语言学属性操作模式为具体执行程序,以汉语歇后语真实语料为研宄对象,使用归纳、定性、分析、内省等不同研宄方法,探讨歇后语这一语言现象后的普遍认知运作机制和过程,对歇后语作出较为全面的描述及合理有效的阐释。认知语言学在研究的过程中,意识活动通常发挥至关重要的作用,歇后语作为交际语言的一种,在其使用的过程中也不例外,无法完全剥离意识活动的引导。语言输出者和语言接收者在一定的语境作用下产生某种表达的意识,继而升级为意向,且将该意向赋予外界某事物产生依托,使外界某事物成为主观意向的客观载体,如此表达更易于人们接受和理解,这便是歇后语形成的动因和过程。歇后语的语言表达和主观意向之间不一定存在必然或者间接的联系,有时只是主观感受强行赋予给某外界事物形成语言表达,使得某外界事物平添了某种特质,称作感受质(qualia)。歇后语的解读只有在特定语境下通过对该感受质及事物属性的推理的认知程序,才明确其含意。本文主要针对歇后语解读过程中的属性推理程序作出适从性的分析和解释,将几何学拓扑理论顺变性应用到语言学的研究,以拓扑性质作为总体指导纲领,继而解读歇后语认知属性操作模式的合理性和有效性,指出歇后语本体和喻体之间具有属性同一的推理结果和属性拓扑同化的推理过程。具体说来,由于拓扑性质强调平面几何图形在连续变换下保持不变这一性质,即语言形式无论千变万化,核心意义属性依然保持不变。由此歇后语的重要特征之一是本体=喻体,二者等同的过程由拓扑性质的不变性指导并实现。继而本文充分论证该不变性是通过连通和同化歇后语两个属性操作步骤完成。本文共分五个章节。第一章为绪论部分,重点说明本文研究的背景、起因、目的、假设、语料来源及研究方法等,对本论文整体研究进行了简单概述,并提出了原歇后语研究的不足之处。第二章为文献综述部分,具体来讲就是对国内外关于歇后语的研究历史和相关文献进行了总体概述和说明,试图对接下来歇后语的研究提供相应的学术背景平台,同时也为后续论述设下悬念。第三章是本文的理论框架部分,通过认知语用学理论和格式塔理论的鉴戒,以及在心智哲学视角下对拓扑变换中的不变的性质进行概括说略,从而更加细化了本文的理论框架,明确其研究目标。第四章为结果部分,是对歇后语在拓扑理论框架下进行研究的实效性和可行性进行分析和探究;并将前几个章节的研究与具体的语料相结合,借助直接对间接的变化,进一步将拓扑理论应用于实际语言分析和解释当中;同时结合相应的语料简要分析了客观语境和认知语境对歇后语操作模式产生的影响。第五章为结论部分,概括了本篇论文的主要内容,并且提出了本研究的难点和不足。
[Abstract]:As one of the traditional China Xiehouyu language phenomenon and idioms, has attracted much attention. Chinese linguistics research with its unique style of humor, the twists and turns of the realization of indirect speech expression, to complete the communication function, each field and widely exists in the social life, at the same time as a corresponding direct language and characterization of alternative phenomenon still remain. Previous studies focused on the Chinese classification, structure, semantics, pragmatics, despite receiving the results provided valuable reference value for the study of Xiehouyu and language, but from the operation mechanism, interpretation procedures and steps to make it a scanty. Angle of rhetoric study Xiehouyu structure, cognitive mechanism understand read less, this is the problem to be solved in this paper is different from others. This paper from the perspective of cognitive pragmatics, by geometry topology theory, put forward the extension of Xiehouyu On the properties of mode of operation, has pointed out that "the same" (Proverbs identity) reasoning results and "assimilation" (assimilation). The reasoning process of topology is an important branch in the field of mathematics belongs to geometry, the main research direction for the continuous nature of geometric and topological properties. Can the popular understanding of nature of geometry after many times of change but always keep the pattern unchanged. In the actual expression of Xiehouyu also follow the application process with constant changes in the law. Therefore, this paper attempts to on the basis of cognitive linguistics, innovative analysis and interpretation from the perspective of the philosophy of mind through the topological properties of Xiehouyu. Chinese tenor and vehicle the meaning generation and interpretation is by means of a single cognitive mechanism can be explained clearly, need more coordination and integration of cognitive and mental philosophy and other disciplines to end Based on the geometry theory. A topological theory in cognitive linguistics as the guiding principle, property operation mode for the specific implementation procedures, the Chinese Xiehouyu corpus research object, using qualitative analysis, induction, introspection and different research methods, explore twisters this language phenomenon after universal cognitive mechanism and process, to make more a comprehensive description and interpretation of the reasonable and effective of Xiehouyu. Cognitive linguistics in the research process, awareness activities usually play a crucial role in Chinese as a communicative language, there is no exception in the process of its use, can not be completely stripped of consciousness. The language output and language guide receiver have some expression of consciousness in the context of a certain role, and then upgrade to the intention and the intention of giving something to rely on outside, outside a subjective intention of customer The concept of vector, so the expression easier for people to accept and understand, this is the motivation and process of XHY formation. Between language expression and subjective intention of Xiehouyu does not necessarily exist inevitable or indirect contact, sometimes just to give a subjective feeling of forced things outside aspects of language expressions, makes some things outside adds something called qualia (qualia). The interpretation of Xiehouyu only through cognitive procedures of the qualia and the attributes of things of reasoning in a specific context, to clear its meaning. This paper focuses on the attribute inference procedures in the process of making proper interpretation of Xiehouyu from the analysis and interpretation of the geometry, topology theory applied to linguistic study on degeneration of CIS the topological properties, as general guidelines, and interpretation of Xiehouyu cognitive attribute operation mode of rationality and validity, pointed out that the tenor and vehicle of Xiehouyu The reasoning process with the reasoning result the same attributes and topological assimilation. Specifically, the topological properties of planar geometry that remain unchanged this property in the continuous transformation, namely the core meaning of language form regardless of the myriads of changes, property still remains unchanged. This is one of the important characteristics of the vehicle body Xiehouyu = two. Equal and guided by invariance of topological properties. Then the full proof of the invariance is achieved by connecting the two attributes and assimilation Xiehouyu steps. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction part, mainly explains the research background of this paper, the cause, purpose, hypothesis, data sources and research methods etc. on the whole, for a brief overview of the research, and put forward the deficiencies of the original Chinese. The second part is literature review, specifically at home and abroad A general overview and description of Xiehouyu research history and literature, tries to provide the academic background of the next platform Xiehouyu research, but also a suspense for the follow-up discussion. The third chapter is the theoretical framework of this paper, through the example of cognitive pragmatics theory and Gestalt theory, as well as in the perspective of Philosophy of mind the topological transformation in the nature of change are summarized on the more refined, and the theoretical framework of this thesis, the clear research objectives. The fourth chapter is the part, is to analyze and explore the effectiveness and feasibility of the research on Xiehouyu topological theory framework; and the first several chapters research and concrete the corpus combined by means of direct to indirect changes, further application of topology theory in practical language analysis and interpretation; combined with the corresponding data are briefly analyzed. The influence of the objective context and cognitive context of Xiehouyu operation mode. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the main content of this thesis, and puts forward the difficulties and weaknesses of this study.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136.3

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