概念隐喻理论视角的英汉时间隐喻对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 19:50

本文选题：概念隐喻理论 + 时间隐喻　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：隐喻在英汉词汇对比研究中具有重要的现实意义,而时间隐喻更是进一步与文化、思维视角相关联。人类的认知源于日常生活中的身体经验,不同语言使用者共享一定的经验,因此不同文化的隐喻概念具有共性。然而,不同的社会文化又导致对同一概念的理解不尽相同。本研究试图揭示英汉两种语言在时间概念和语言表达上有多大程度的共性和差异。Lakoff把概念隐喻划分为空间隐喻、实体隐喻和结构隐喻,本文依据该分类,探讨了五种时间隐喻的映射,对比英汉两种语言时间隐喻的相同点和不同点,并尝试分析原因。研究问题如下:第一,英汉时间隐喻有何共性和差异?第二,英汉时间隐喻产生共性和差异的原因有哪些?针对研究问题,作者从北京大学中国语言研究中心语料库(CCL)、英国国家语料库(BNC)两大在线平行语料库搜集时间隐喻的语料,通过定性、定量分析,得出以下结论:第一,两种语言都存在大量的以空间为目标域的隐喻。频率上,汉语结构隐喻的使用较丰富,实体隐喻和方位隐喻的使用少于英语;词汇上,汉语的介词功能性大于英语,可同时表示时间和空间含义,而英语中介词很少两种意义共存;时间次序上,汉语多用“过去在前,未来在后”的隐喻模式,而英语则相反;修辞上,汉语的时间隐喻倾向于物化时间,而英语多用拟人的修辞方法。第二,英汉两种语言时间隐喻存在共性的原因是在认识世界的过程中,英汉民族具有经验的相似性。由于不同的社会文化因素,语言修辞方法,思维模式,使得英汉时间隐喻的使用存在不同之处。本论文在一定程度上有益于提高人们对隐喻,尤其是时间隐喻的认识,同时对外语教学及跨文化交际有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Metaphor is of great practical significance in the contrastive study of English and Chinese vocabulary, and time metaphor is further related to culture and perspective of thinking.Human cognition originates from physical experience in daily life, and different language users share certain experiences. Therefore, metaphor concepts in different cultures are common.However, different social cultures lead to different understanding of the same concept.The present study attempts to reveal the similarities and differences between English and Chinese in terms of temporal concepts and linguistic expressions. Lakoff divides conceptual metaphors into spatial, substantive and structural metaphors.This paper probes into the mapping of five time metaphors, compares the similarities and differences between English and Chinese time metaphors, and tries to analyze the reasons.The research questions are as follows: first, what are the similarities and differences between English and Chinese temporal metaphors?Second, what are the reasons for the similarities and differences between English and Chinese temporal metaphors?In order to solve the problem, the author collects time metaphor data from two online parallel corpora of the Chinese language Research Center of Peking University and the British National Corpus BNC.Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, the author draws the following conclusions: first,Both languages contain a large number of spatial metaphors.In terms of frequency, the use of structural metaphors in Chinese is abundant, the use of substantive and orientation metaphors is less than that in English, and in vocabulary, prepositions in Chinese are more functional than in English and can represent both temporal and spatial meanings.In English, prepositions rarely coexist in two meanings. In terms of time order, Chinese uses the metaphorical pattern of "past before, future behind", whereas in English, Chinese time metaphor tends to materialize time.English, however, often uses anthropomorphic rhetoric.Second, the common reason for the existence of time metaphors between English and Chinese is that in the process of understanding the world, the English and Chinese peoples have the similarity of experience.The use of time metaphors in English and Chinese is different due to different social and cultural factors, rhetorical devices and thinking patterns.To a certain extent, this thesis is helpful to improve people's understanding of metaphor, especially time metaphor, and it is also useful for foreign language teaching and cross-cultural communication.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H15;H315

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