俄汉语存在句结构与语义差异及其认知因素探析

发布时间：2018-04-26 21:15

  本文选题：存在句 + 结构　； 参考：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：外语学习者在外语学习过程中不可避免地会受到母语及其它知识经验的影响。语言间的正迁移易于理解,会促进目标语的学习,但是负迁移由于母语和目标语的某些形式和规则系统不同而使学习受到干扰(杨连瑞,张德禄)。受到母语影响是因为母语和目标语的某些形式和规则系统不同而使学习受到干扰,受其它知识经验影响是指各民族对客观世界的认知心理不同。人类的认知经验和语言表达式之间互相作用,语言表达式反映着人类的认知和经验,同时认知和经验也影响着语言的表达方式。不同民族之间相同或相近的认知模式会易于语言间的理解,反之会阻碍语言间的理解。由此可知语言间的差异是外语学习的难点,故而本文对俄汉语存在句的结构和语义的差异进行了对比,并运用认知语言学理论框架下的范畴化、原型范畴理论和突显理论对这些差异进行了认知探析。本文由前言、主体和结论三部分构成,前言介绍语言学中对比研究的大背景以及俄语存在句对比在国内外的研究状况。论文主体由三个章节构成,第二章为俄汉存在句结构类型特征及差异对比。第三章为俄汉存在句的语义特征及其对比。第四章为俄汉存在句结构和语义差异的认知探析。目前国内对俄汉存在句的对比大多都是运用传统的形式对比分析,从认知角度揭示俄汉存在句的差异原因的著作只占少数,希望本文的论述能让俄语学习者对俄汉存在句的差异和俄汉民族的认知有更进一步的了解。从认知的角度研究俄汉语存在句的差异易于培养学生透过语言表象掌握语言的内在规律的能力,从而更有效地应用俄语。同是也希望本文的研究能够运用到俄汉教学当中去,能够对语言翻译和语言教学等方面提供一定的参考依据,极大促进俄汉语的学习。
[Abstract]:Foreign language learners are inevitably influenced by their mother tongue and other knowledge and experience in the process of foreign language learning. The positive transfer between languages is easy to understand and promotes the learning of the target language, but the negative transfer interferes with the learning due to the differences in some forms and rules of the mother tongue and the target language (Yang Lianrui, Zhang Delu. The influence of mother tongue is due to the different forms and rules of the mother tongue and the target language, and the influence of other knowledge and experience means that the cognitive psychology of the different nationalities towards the objective world is different. Human cognitive experience and linguistic expressions interact with each other. Linguistic expressions reflect human cognition and experience, and at the same time, cognition and experience also affect the expression of language. The same or similar cognitive patterns among different ethnic groups are easy to understand between languages, otherwise, they will hinder the understanding among languages. Therefore, the differences between languages are difficult in foreign language learning. Therefore, this paper compares the differences between the structure and semantics of the existing sentences in Russian and Chinese, and makes use of the categorization within the framework of cognitive linguistics. Prototype category theory and salience theory analyze these differences. This paper consists of three parts: foreword, subject and conclusion. The foreword introduces the background of contrastive study in linguistics and the research situation of Russian existential sentence contrast at home and abroad. The main body of the thesis is composed of three chapters, the second chapter is the comparison of the structural types and differences between Russian and Chinese existential sentences. The third chapter is the semantic characteristics and comparison of Russian and Chinese existential sentences. The fourth chapter is the cognitive analysis of the structural and semantic differences between Russian and Chinese existential sentences. At present, the contrast of Russian and Chinese existential sentences is mostly based on the traditional form of contrastive analysis. From the cognitive perspective, there are only a few works that reveal the reasons for the differences between Russian and Chinese existential sentences. It is hoped that the discussion in this paper will help Russian learners to understand the differences between Russian and Chinese existing sentences and the cognition of Russian and Chinese nationalities. From the cognitive point of view, it is easy to cultivate the students' ability of mastering the internal rules of language through linguistic representation, so as to use Russian more effectively. It is also hoped that this study can be applied to Russian-Chinese teaching, which can provide some reference for language translation and language teaching, and greatly promote the study of Russian and Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H35;H146.3
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本文编号：1807707