《红楼梦》中人称指示语的语用移情与离情研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 09:23

本文选题：人称指示语 + 《红楼梦》　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人称指示语是一种普遍的语言现象,是语言与语境关系在语言自身结构中唯一的最明显的反映形式,在交际中发挥着重要作用,这在《红楼梦》人物交际中体现得尤为明显。《红楼梦》中众多人物形象间的复杂关系从人称指示语使用上可见端倪,这为人称指示语的研究提供了难得的语料。当前,《红楼梦》人称指示语的研究既包括常规用法研究,也包括非常规用法研究,但是主要聚焦于常规用法,其非常规用法的研究则相对薄弱。人称指示语的非常规用法是指,在特定语境下,说话人为取得一定的语用效果,而故意背离人称指示语的使用习惯或社会规约的语言现象。本文采用定性研究方法,通过分析《红楼梦》前八十回中的非常规使用的人称指示语,旨在探究《红楼梦》人称指示语语用移情与离情的实现方式以及影响说话人做出选择的因素。研究发现,《红楼梦》中语用移情和离情主要通过说话人使用人称代词、亲属称谓、社会称谓和其它人称指示语(包括敬称、谦称,戏称,蔑称和倨称)来实现,其中亲属称谓较少用于实现语用离情。每种方式又包含若干具体形式,同一类具体方式可能既用于实现语用移情,也用于实现语用离情。而判断人称指示语实现了语用移情还是语用离情,须结合具体语境。影响《红楼梦》中说话人选择语用移情和离情实现方式的因素归根结底也是语境,主要包括社会语境和交际语境。其中社会语境包括社会制度-等级制和宗法制以及社会文化-礼貌传统。交际语境包括交际者的客观因素(如社会地位和受教育水平)和主观因素(如目的、情绪和性格)。上述因素一直处于动态变化之中,因此,要判断何种因素处于主导地位,必须结合具体语境。《红楼梦》人称指示语的语用移情和离情研究,有助于加深对十八世纪上半叶的社会文化背景的了解;有助于拓宽汉语人称指示语的研究视野,丰富人们对汉语人称指示语的认识,可为《红楼梦》的相关文学研究提供一个新视角。
[Abstract]:Person deixis is a universal linguistic phenomenon, which is the single most obvious form of reflection of the relationship between language and context in the structure of language itself and plays an important role in communication. This is especially evident in the communication of characters in A Dream of Red Mansions. The complex relationships among the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions can be seen from the use of personal deixis, which provides a rare corpus for the study of personal deixis. At present, the study of personal deixis includes both conventional and unconventional usage studies, but mainly focuses on conventional usage, but the study of unconventional usage is relatively weak. The unconventional use of personal deixis refers to the linguistic phenomenon in which the speaker deliberately deviates from the usage habits of personal deixis or social conventions in order to achieve a certain pragmatic effect in a specific context. This paper adopts a qualitative approach to analyze the unconventional personal deixis in the first eighty chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the realization of pragmatic empathy and estrangement in personal deixis and the factors that influence the choice of the speaker. The study shows that pragmatic empathy and alienation in A Dream of Red Mansions are mainly realized by the speaker's use of personal pronouns, kinship terms, social appellations and other personal deixis (including salutation, modesty, jesting, disparaging and juxtaposition). Among them, kinship terms are seldom used to realize pragmatic separation. Each way contains several concrete forms, and the same kind of concrete way may be used to realize pragmatic empathy as well as pragmatic alienation. To judge whether a person deixis realizes pragmatic empathy or pragmatic alienation must be combined with specific context. In A Dream of Red Mansions, the factors that influence the speaker's choice of pragmatic empathy and the way of realization of estrangement are, in the final analysis, context, mainly including social context and communicative context. Social context includes social system-hierarchy and patriarchal system and social culture-politeness tradition. Communicative context includes objective factors (such as social status and educational level) and subjective factors (such as purpose, emotion and personality). The above factors have been in dynamic change all the time. Therefore, in order to judge which factors are dominant, we must combine the specific context. It helps to deepen the understanding of the social and cultural background of the first half of the eighteenth century, to broaden the perspective of the study of Chinese personal deixis, and to enrich people's understanding of Chinese personal deixis. It can provide a new perspective for the literature research of A Dream of Red Mansions.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H134

【参考文献】