概念隐喻视角下科技新词的认知研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 12:02

本文选题：概念隐喻 + 科技新词　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前科学技术迅猛发展,新科技概念、新名词术语不断涌现,新词工作的重要性不言而喻。要及时进行引导和规范,以避免因名词术语混乱给科研和教学,以及经济、文化和民生带来不利影响。新词是社会发展的产物。研究新词对人们认识世界非常有意义。长久以来,国内外对科技新词的构成及其特点,科技新词的翻译,语义学等方面进行了广泛而深入的研究。随着认知语言学的发展,已有学者对其从认知的角度进行研究,但依然存在较大的研究空间。鉴于此,本文力图在概念隐喻的视角下,采用描写和分析相结合的方法,较为详尽地对其源域和目标域的相似性进行分析,挖掘科技新词的隐喻认知机制。研究发现:在所选的204个科技新词语中共有十二大概念隐喻,所占比例为37.5%。它们分别是团体隐喻,实体和物质隐喻,容器隐喻,人隐喻,动物隐喻,电路隐喻,云隐喻,桥梁隐喻,颜色隐喻等。这十二大概念隐喻包括29个具体的概念隐喻,比如:绿色是健康的、电网是团体、联系是桥梁、人造产品是自然物质、电路是人、植物是人、无生命客体是动物、植物是机器、电路是旅行、交易是旅行、直接传输信息是传递球等。通过源域与目标域的映射关系分析,发现科技新词更趋向于用具体的概念去表达抽象的概念。比如,用桥梁表达联系,用云表达服务器,用机器表达分子等。科技新词趋向于用一件熟悉的事情或经验去表达和经历另一件陌生的、新的事情或经验。比如,用旅行表达电路,用团体表达网络,用材料表达植物,用容器表达空间等。本研究运用认知语言学的概念隐喻理论研究科技新词,对科技新词的词形构成和意义建构进行了挖掘。希望本研究结果对科技概念的命名或表达有一定的借鉴意义,能为科技领域工作者对科技新词的理解提供思路。
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid development of science and technology, the new concept of science and technology and the new terminology are constantly emerging, the importance of the work of new words is self-evident. Timely guidance and standardization should be carried out to avoid adverse effects on scientific research and teaching, economy, culture and people's livelihood due to the confusion of nomenclature and terminology. Neologisms are the product of social development. The study of neologisms is of great significance to people's understanding of the world. For a long time, there have been extensive and in-depth studies on the composition and characteristics of scientific and technological neologisms, the translation of scientific and technological neologisms, semantics and so on. With the development of cognitive linguistics, some scholars have studied it from the perspective of cognition, but there is still much room for study. In view of this, this paper tries to analyze the similarity between the source and target domains in detail by using the method of combining description and analysis in the perspective of conceptual metaphor, and excavates the metaphorical cognitive mechanism of scientific and technological neologisms. It is found that there are 12 conceptual metaphors in 204 scientific neologisms, accounting for 37.5%. They are group metaphors, physical and material metaphors, container metaphors, human metaphors, animal metaphors, circuit metaphors, cloud metaphors, bridge metaphors, color metaphors, etc. The twelve major conceptual metaphors include 29 specific conceptual metaphors, such as: green is healthy, electricity is a group, connections are bridges, man-made products are natural matter, circuits are human, plants are human, inanimate objects are animals, plants are machines. The circuit is travel, the transaction is travel, and the direct transmission of information is the transmission of balls. Through the analysis of the mapping relationship between the source domain and the target domain, it is found that the scientific and technological neologisms tend to express abstract concepts with concrete concepts. For example, using bridges to express contact, using clouds to express the server, using machines to express molecules and so on. Technological neologisms tend to express and experience another unfamiliar, new thing or experience with one familiar thing or experience. For example, using travel expression circuit, using groups to express the network, using materials to express plants, using containers to express space, etc. In this study, the conceptual metaphor theory of cognitive linguistics is used to study scientific neologisms, and the lexical structure and meaning construction of scientific neologisms are explored. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used for reference in naming or expressing the concept of science and technology and can provide some ideas for the understanding of new words in the field of science and technology.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136

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