In和“在……里”的认知语义对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 21:50

本文选题：In + 在……里　；参考：《宁波大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究基于认知语言学的意象图式理论,对英语空间介词In和汉语介词短语“在……里”的多义性进行探讨和分析,考察二者语义扩展机制的异同。本研究采用定性分析和对比分析的研究方法,对In和“在……里”展开语义分析。In的语料主要来自英国国家语料库,“在……里”的所有语料来自于现代汉语语料库,另外还参考Babel英汉平行语料库和卢伟英汉双语平行语料库以方便对比研究。本研究对随机抽取的In和“在……里”分别约2000例语料进行观察,分析其意象图式,将其意义归纳为空间义和隐喻义两大类。然后分析概括In和“在……里”意象图式的同质性与异质性。研究发现:第一,除了二者共同的基本意象图式,In和“在……里”还共有非典型的几种意象图式,均为界标不是三维空间的情况。这些意象图式具有容纳性、包围性、约束性等共有属性,当射体为动态时,二者的意象图式均具有动态性。第二,就空间义而言,In的空间义比“在……里”要丰富。因其除共享图式外,还表征为内嵌图式、覆盖图式、凹陷图式、构成图式等四种图式。第三,就隐喻义而言,In的隐喻义同样比“在……里”要丰富。由于意象图式的隐喻映射,两者都映射到了时间、领域/范围、情况、情感、状态、气氛、权利范围等认知域。不过,与“在……里”相比,In的隐喻义相对更具有扩展性,因其还扩展出方式、关系、目的、性质、结果、媒介等意义,而“在……里”仅还映射出一个“在当中”之义。本研究通过意象图式的描写解释,挖掘In和“在……里”认知机制的同质性与异质性,从而发现不同文化背景下的人们对空间概念认知的迥异表征,同时证明了词义的扩展是有理据的,词义之间存在着一定的关联性。研究发现以期对英语教学、对外汉语教学、翻译和词典编纂提供可资借鉴的依据。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of image schema in cognitive linguistics, the present study deals with English spatial prepositions in and Chinese prepositional phrases. The polysemy of "Li" is discussed and analyzed, and the similarities and differences of semantic extension mechanism between them are investigated. In this study, qualitative analysis and comparative analysis were used to study in and "in". The corpus for developing semantic analysis. In is mainly from the British National Corpus. In addition, we also refer to the Babel English-Chinese parallel Corpus and Lu Wei's English-Chinese bilingual parallel Corpus to facilitate the comparative study. In this study, random sampling of in and "in" in. About 2000 cases were observed and their image schemas were analyzed, and their meanings were divided into two categories: spatial meaning and metaphorical meaning. Then analyze and summarize in and "in." The homogeneity and heterogeneity of image schema. The findings are as follows: first, in addition to the two basic image schemata. There are also several atypical imagery schemas, which are boundary landmarks that are not in three-dimensional space. These image schemas have the common attributes of inclusiveness, encirclement and constraint. When the projectiles are dynamic, their image schemas are dynamic. Second, as far as spatial meaning is concerned, the spatial sense ratio of in is in. "rich". In addition to shared schema, it is also represented as embedded schema, overlay schema, concave schema and composition schema. Thirdly, as far as metaphorical meaning is concerned, the metaphorical meaning of "in" is the same. "rich". Because of the metaphorical mapping of image schemata, both of them are mapped to cognitive domains such as time, domain / scope, situation, emotion, state, atmosphere, right scope and so on. However, with "in." The metaphorical meaning of "Li" is more extensible than that of "in" because it also extends the meaning of mode, relationship, purpose, nature, result, media, etc. "in" only reflects a meaning of "in the middle". Through the descriptive interpretation of image schemata, this study excavates in and in. The homogeneity and heterogeneity of the cognitive mechanism of "Li" shows that people in different cultural backgrounds have different representations of their cognition of spatial concepts. At the same time, it is proved that the extension of word meaning is justified, and there is a certain correlation between the meaning of words. The findings can be used for reference in English teaching, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, translation and dictionary compilation.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136;H313

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